तिष्ठति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• তিষ্ঠতি (Assamese script)
• ᬢᬶᬱ᭄ᬞᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
• তিষ্ঠতি (Bengali script)
• 𑰝𑰰𑰬𑰿𑰙𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀢𑀺𑀱𑁆𑀞𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• တိၑ္ဌတိ (Burmese script)
• તિષ્ઠતિ (Gujarati script)
• ਤਿਸ਼੍ਠਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌤𑌿𑌷𑍍𑌠𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦠꦶꦰ꧀ꦜꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂞𑂱𑂭𑂹𑂘𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ತಿಷ್ಠತಿ (Kannada script)
• តិឞ្ឋតិ (Khmer script)
• ຕິຩ຺ຐຕິ (Lao script)
• തിഷ്ഠതി (Malayalam script)
• ᢠᡳᢢᡱᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘝𑘱𑘬𑘿𑘙𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᢐᠢᢔᢍᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦽𑧒𑧌𑧠𑦹𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐟𑐶𑐲𑑂𑐛𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
• ତିଷ୍ଠତି (Odia script)
• ꢡꢶꢰ꣄ꢝꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆠𑆴𑆰𑇀𑆜𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖝𑖰𑖬𑖿𑖙𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
• තිෂ‍්ඨති (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩫𑩑𑪀 𑪙𑩧𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚙𑚮𑚶𑚕𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
• திஷ்ட²தி (Tamil script)
• తిష్ఠతి (Telugu script)
• ติษฺฐติ (Thai script)
• ཏི་ཥྛ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒞𑒱𑒭𑓂𑒚𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨙𑨁𑨯𑩇𑨕𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *(s)tíṣṭaHti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *stíštaHti, from Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti, from *steh₂- (“to stand”). Cognate with Latin sistō, Ancient Greek ἵστημι (hístēmi), Old English standan (whence English stand).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tíʂ.ʈʰɐ.ti/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪iʂ.ʈʰɐ.t̪i/

Verb

तिष्ठति • (tíṣṭhati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root स्था)

1. to stand, stand firmly, station oneself, stand upon, get upon, take up a position on

   with पादाभ्याम् (pādābhyām) — to stand on the feet

   with जानुभ्याम् (jānubhyām) — to kneel

   with अग्रे (ágre) or अग्रतस् (agratás) and genitive — to stand or present oneself before

   with पुरस् (purás) and with or without genitive — to stand up against an enemy etc.

2. to stay, remain, continue in any condition or action

   with कन्या (kanyā́) — to remain a girl or unmarried

   with तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇī́m) or with मौनेन (maunena) (instrumental) — to remain silent

   with सुखम् (sukhám) — to continue or feel well

3. to remain occupied or engaged in, be intent upon, make a practice of, keep on, persevere in any act (with locative or ind.p.)

   with राज्ये (rājye) — to continue governing

   with शासने (śāsane) — to practise obedience

   with बल (bale) — to exercise power

   with स्वधर्मे (sva-dharme) — to do one's duty

   with स्वकर्मणि (sva-karmaṇi) — to keep to one's own business

   with संशये (saṃśaye, “saṃśaye”) — to persist in doubting

   धर्मम् आश्रित्य (dharmam āśritya) — to practise virtue

4. to continue to be or exist (as opposed to "perish"), endure, last
5. to be, exist, be present, be obtainable or at hand
6. to be with or at the disposal of, belong to (dative, genitive or locative)
7. (Ā, mc. also P. compare Pāṇini 1-3, 23; IV, 34) to stand by, abide by, be near to, be on the side of, adhere or submit to, acquiesce in, serve, obey (locative or dative)
8. to stand still, stay quiet, remain stationary, stop, halt, wait, tarry, linger, hesitate
9. to behave or conduct oneself

   with समम् (samám) — to behave equally towards any one (+ locative)

10. to be directed to or fixed on (+ locative)
11. to be founded or rest or depend on, be contained in (+ locative)
12. to rely on, confide in (+ locative)

    मयि स्थित्वा (mayi sthitvā) — confiding in me

13. to stay at, resort to (+ accusative)
14. to arise from (+ ablative or genitive)
15. to desist or cease from (+ ablative)
16. to remain unnoticed (as of no importance), be left alone (only imperative and potential)
17. (passive voice) be stood etc. - frequently used impersonally

    मया स्थीयताम् (mayā sthīyatām) — let it be abided by me; i.e. I must abide

18. (causative) to cause to stand, place, locate, set, lay, fix, station, establish, found, institute
19. (causative) to set up, erect, raise, build
20. (causative) to cause to continue, make durable, strengthen, confirm
21. (causative) to prop up, support, maintain
22. (causative) to affirm, assent
23. (causative) to appoint (to any office + locative)
24. (causative) to cause to be, constitute, make, appoint or employ as (+ two accusatives)

    with धात्रीम् (dhātrīm, “dhātrīm”) — to employ any one as a nurse

    with रक्षार्थम् (rakṣā-rtham) — to appoint any one as guardian

    with सज्जम् (sajjam) — to make anything ready

    with सुरक्षितम् (surakṣitam, “su-rakṣitam”) — to keep anything well guarded

    with स्वीकृत्य (svīkṛtya) — to make anything one's own

    with परिशेषम् (pariśeṣam) — to leave anything over or remaining

25. (causative) to fix, settle, determine, resolve
26. (causative) to fix in or on, lead or being into, direct or turn towards (+ locative, rarely accusative)

    with हृदि (hṛdi) — to impress on the heart

    with मनस् (mánas) — to fix the mind on

27. (causative) to introduce or initiate into, instruct in (+ locative)

    with नये (naye) — to instruct in a plan or system

28. (causative) to make over or deliver up to (loc. or haste with gen., " into the hands of ")
29. (causative) to give in marriage
30. (causative) to cause to stand still, stop, arrest, check, hold, keep in, restrain

    with बद्ध्वा (baddhvā, “baddhvā”) — to keep bound or imprisoned

31. (causative) to place aside, keep, save, preserve

Conjugation

Present: तिष्ठति (tíṣṭhati), तिष्ठते (tíṣṭhate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	तिष्ठति tíṣṭhati	तिष्ठतः tíṣṭhataḥ	तिष्ठन्ति tíṣṭhanti	तिष्ठते tíṣṭhate	तिष्ठेते tíṣṭhete	तिष्ठन्ते tíṣṭhante
Second	तिष्ठसि tíṣṭhasi	तिष्ठथः tíṣṭhathaḥ	तिष्ठथ tíṣṭhatha	तिष्ठसे tíṣṭhase	तिष्ठेथे tíṣṭhethe	तिष्ठध्वे tíṣṭhadhve
First	तिष्ठामि tíṣṭhāmi	तिष्ठावः tíṣṭhāvaḥ	तिष्ठामः / तिष्ठामसि¹ tíṣṭhāmaḥ / tíṣṭhāmasi¹	तिष्ठे tíṣṭhe	तिष्ठावहे tíṣṭhāvahe	तिष्ठामहे tíṣṭhāmahe
Imperative
Third	तिष्ठतु tíṣṭhatu	तिष्ठताम् tíṣṭhatām	तिष्ठन्तु tíṣṭhantu	तिष्ठताम् tíṣṭhatām	तिष्ठेताम् tíṣṭhetām	तिष्ठन्ताम् tíṣṭhantām
Second	तिष्ठ tíṣṭha	तिष्ठतम् tíṣṭhatam	तिष्ठत tíṣṭhata	तिष्ठस्व tíṣṭhasva	तिष्ठेथाम् tíṣṭhethām	तिष्ठध्वम् tíṣṭhadhvam
First	तिष्ठानि tíṣṭhāni	तिष्ठाव tíṣṭhāva	तिष्ठाम tíṣṭhāma	तिष्ठै tíṣṭhai	तिष्ठावहै tíṣṭhāvahai	तिष्ठामहै tíṣṭhāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	तिष्ठेत् tíṣṭhet	तिष्ठेताम् tíṣṭhetām	तिष्ठेयुः tíṣṭheyuḥ	तिष्ठेत tíṣṭheta	तिष्ठेयाताम् tíṣṭheyātām	तिष्ठेरन् tíṣṭheran
Second	तिष्ठेः tíṣṭheḥ	तिष्ठेतम् tíṣṭhetam	तिष्ठेत tíṣṭheta	तिष्ठेथाः tíṣṭhethāḥ	तिष्ठेयाथाम् tíṣṭheyāthām	तिष्ठेध्वम् tíṣṭhedhvam
First	तिष्ठेयम् tíṣṭheyam	तिष्ठेव tíṣṭheva	तिष्ठेम tíṣṭhema	तिष्ठेय tíṣṭheya	तिष्ठेवहि tíṣṭhevahi	तिष्ठेमहि tíṣṭhemahi
Subjunctive
Third	तिष्ठात् / तिष्ठाति tíṣṭhāt / tíṣṭhāti	तिष्ठातः tíṣṭhātaḥ	तिष्ठान् tíṣṭhān	तिष्ठाते / तिष्ठातै tíṣṭhāte / tíṣṭhātai	तिष्ठैते tíṣṭhaite	तिष्ठन्त / तिष्ठान्तै tíṣṭhanta / tíṣṭhāntai
Second	तिष्ठाः / तिष्ठासि tíṣṭhāḥ / tíṣṭhāsi	तिष्ठाथः tíṣṭhāthaḥ	तिष्ठाथ tíṣṭhātha	तिष्ठासे / तिष्ठासै tíṣṭhāse / tíṣṭhāsai	तिष्ठैथे tíṣṭhaithe	तिष्ठाध्वै tíṣṭhādhvai
First	तिष्ठानि tíṣṭhāni	तिष्ठाव tíṣṭhāva	तिष्ठाम tíṣṭhāma	तिष्ठै tíṣṭhai	तिष्ठावहै tíṣṭhāvahai	तिष्ठामहै tíṣṭhāmahai
Participles
	तिष्ठत् tíṣṭhat			तिष्ठमान tíṣṭhamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अतिष्ठत् (átiṣṭhat), अतिष्ठत (átiṣṭhata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अतिष्ठत् átiṣṭhat	अतिष्ठताम् átiṣṭhatām	अतिष्ठन् átiṣṭhan	अतिष्ठत átiṣṭhata	अतिष्ठेताम् átiṣṭhetām	अतिष्ठन्त átiṣṭhanta
Second	अतिष्ठः átiṣṭhaḥ	अतिष्ठतम् átiṣṭhatam	अतिष्ठत átiṣṭhata	अतिष्ठथाः átiṣṭhathāḥ	अतिष्ठेथाम् átiṣṭhethām	अतिष्ठध्वम् átiṣṭhadhvam
First	अतिष्ठम् átiṣṭham	अतिष्ठाव átiṣṭhāva	अतिष्ठाम átiṣṭhāma	अतिष्ठे átiṣṭhe	अतिष्ठावहि átiṣṭhāvahi	अतिष्ठामहि átiṣṭhāmahi

Derived terms

• अतितिष्ठति (atitiṣṭhati)
• अधितिष्ठति (adhitiṣṭhati)
• अनुतिष्ठति (anutiṣṭhati)
• अपातिष्ठति (apātiṣṭhati)
• अपितिष्ठति (apitiṣṭhati)
• अवतिष्ठति (avatiṣṭhati)
• अवतिष्ठते (avatiṣṭhate)
• आतिष्ठति (ātiṣṭhati)
• उत्तिष्ठति (uttiṣṭhati)
• उपतिष्ठति (upatiṣṭhati)
• उपतिष्ठते (upatiṣṭhate)
• नितिष्ठति (nitiṣṭhati)
• निस्तिष्ठति (nistiṣṭhati)
• परितिष्ठति (paritiṣṭhati)
• पर्यवतिष्ठति (paryavatiṣṭhati)
• प्रतितिष्ठति (pratitiṣṭhati)
• प्रतिष्ठति (pratiṣṭhati)
• प्रत्यवतिष्ठते (pratyavatiṣṭhate)
• प्रत्यातिष्ठति (pratyātiṣṭhati)
• प्रत्युपतिष्ठति (pratyupatiṣṭhati)
• वितिष्ठते (vitiṣṭhate)
• समधितिष्ठति (samadhitiṣṭhati)
• समातिष्ठति (samātiṣṭhati)

 

Descendants

• Pali: tiṭṭhati
• Dhivehi: އިށީންނަނީ (iṣīn̊nanī)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “तिष्ठति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1262.

Further reading

• Full conjugation