ܩܐܡ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܩ ܘ ܡ (q w m)
11 terms

Compare Arabic قَام (qām) and Hebrew קָם (kam).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [qɑːjemː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [qɑːjɪm]

Verb

ܩܵܐܹܡ • (qāˀēm)

1. (intransitive) to rise, arise, get up; stand, stand up

   Synonym: ܝܵܬ݂ܹܒ݂ (yāṯēḇ)

   ܩܝܼܡ ܠܝܼ ܒܫܵܥܲܬ݂ ܚܲܡܸܫ ܒܨܲܦܪܵܐ ― qīm lī b-šāˁaṯ ḥammiš b-ṣaprā ― I got up at 5 o'clock in the morning.

   ܩܘܼܡ ܘܡܡܲܠܸܠ ܥܲܡܹܗ. ― qūm w-mmallil ˁammēh. ― Stand and speak with him.

   ܩܝܼܡ ܠܝܼ ܘܗܘܼܠܸܟ݂ ܠܝܼ ܠܬܲܪܥܵܐ. ― qīm lī w-hūliḵ lī l-tarˁā. ― I stood up and walked to the door.

   • Luke 24:34:

     ܘܒܹܐ݇ܡܵܪܵܐ، «ܫܲܪܝܼܪܵܐܝܼܬ ܡܵܪܲܢ ܩܝܼܡܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ، ܘܦܝܼܫ ܠܹܗ ܚܸܙܝܵܐ ܠܫܸܡܥܘܿܢ ܟܹܐܦܵܐ»!

     w-bēmārā, “šarīrāˀīt māran qīmā ìlēh, w-pīš lēh ḥizyā lšimˁōn kēpā”!

     saying, "The Lord is risen indeed, and has appeared to Simon!"

2. (intransitive) to grow, mature, grow up, advance in age

   ܟܵܘܣܝܼ ܟܹܐ ܩܵܐܹܡ ܩܲܠܘܼܠܵܐ. ― kāwsī kē qāˀēm qalūlā. ― My hair grows quickly.

3. (intransitive) to stand up to; oppose [with ܠ- (l-) or ܩܲܕ݇ܡ (qam)]

   ܐܸܢ ܥܲܓ̰ܘܼܙܹܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܐܸܠܘܼܟ݂، ܠܡܵܐ ܠܵܐ ܩܝܼܡ ܠܘܼܟ݂ ܐܸܠܗܘܿܢ؟

   in ˁajūzē ìwā ilūḵ, lemā lā qīm lūḵ ilhōn?

   If they were bullying you, why didn't you stand up to them?

4. (intransitive) to resurrect
5. (intransitive) to wake up
6. (auxiliary) to start doing; used to indicate a change of action, commencing of a new action

   ܩܝܼܡ ܠܹܗ ܒܸܥܪܵܩܵܐ ܟܲܕ݂ ܩܸܡ ܚܵܙܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ ― qīm lēh biˁrāqā kaḏ qim ḥāzē lhōn ― He started to flee when he saw them.

   ܩܝܼܡ ܠܝܼ ܝܬܝܼܒ݂ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܠܝܼ ܒܵܬ݂ܲܪ ܕܪܩܝܼܕ݂ ܠܝܼ ܟܲܒܝܼܪܵܐ ― qīm lī tīḇ wā lī bāṯar d-rqīḏ lī kabīrā ― (start of and change of action) I had sat after I had danced a lot.

   ܛܵܒ݂ܵܐ، ܩܵܝܡܹܢ ܐܵܙܹܠ݇ܢ ܒܩܘܼܪܒܵܐ. ― ṭāḇā, qāymēn āzēn b-qurbā. ― Okay, I’m about to go soon.

   ܒܸܚܫܵܒ݂ܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܕܩܵܝܡܹܢ ܒܵܕ݂ܩܹܢ ܐܸܓܪ̈ܵܬ݂ܹܐ. ― biḥšāḇā ìwen d-qāymēn bāḏqēn igrāṯē. ― I think I should go check my messages now.

Usage notes

• (stand): The verb ܟܵܠܹܐ (kālē) is used instead for the sense of “to support oneself on the feet” or “to remain motionless”.

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܩܵܐܹܡ

present participle	ܩܝܵܡܵܐ (qyāmā)
verbal noun	ܩܝܵܡܵܐ (qyāmā)
		singular				plural
past participle	m	ܩܝܼܡܵܐ (qīmā)				ܩܝܼܡܹ̈ܐ (qīmē)
	f	ܩܝܼܡܬܵܐ (qīmtā)
agent noun	m	ܩܵܝܘܿܡܵܐ (qāyōmā)				ܩܵܝܘܿܡܹ̈ܐ (qāyōmē)
	f	ܩܵܝܘܿܡܬܵܐ (qāyōmtā)				ܩܵܝܘܿܡܝ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (qāyōmyāṯā)
instance noun		ܩܝܵܡܬܵܐ (qyāmtā)				ܩܝܵܡܝܵܬ݂̈ܵܐ (qyāmyāṯā)
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܩܝܼܡ ܠܝܼ (qīm lī)	ܩܝܼܡ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (qīm lūḵ)	ܩܝܼܡ ܠܹܗ (qīm lēh)	ܩܝܼܡ ܠܲܢ (qīm lan)	ܩܝܼܡ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (qīm lāwḵōn)	ܩܝܼܡ ܠܗܘܿܢ (qīm lhōn)
	f		ܩܝܼܡ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (qīm lāḵ)	ܩܝܼܡ ܠܵܗ̇ (qīm lāh)
non-past	m	ܩܵܝܡܹܢ (qāymēn)	ܩܵܝܡܹܬ (qāymēt)	ܩܵܐܹܡ (qāˀēm)	ܩܵܝܡܲܚ (qāymaḥ)	ܩܵܝܡܝܼܬܘܿܢ (qāymītōn)	ܩܵܝܡܝܼ (qāymī)
	f	ܩܵܝܡܵܢ (qāymān)	ܩܵܝܡܵܬܝ (qāymāt)	ܩܵܝܡܵܐ (qāymā)
imperative	m		ܩܘܼܡ (qūm)			ܩܘܼܡܘܿܢ (qūmōn)
	f		ܩܘܼܡܝ (qūm)
passive past	m	ܩܝܼܡܸܢ (qīmin)	ܩܝܼܡܸܬ (qīmit)	ܩܝܼܡ (qīm)	ܩܝܼܡܸܚ (qīmiḥ)	ܩܝܼܡܝܼܬܘܿܢ (qīmītōn)	ܩܝܼܡܝܼ (qīmī)
	f	ܩܝܼܡܲܢ (qīman)	ܩܝܼܡܲܬܝ (qīmat)	ܩܝܼܡܵܐ (qīmā)

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Derived terms

• ܩܵܐܹܡ ܐܵܙܹܠ (qāˀēm āzēl)

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac ܩܵܐܸܡ (qāˀem), absolute form of ܩܵܝܡܵܐ (qāymā, “standing one, currently existing”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [qɑːʔemː]

Noun

ܩܵܐܹܡ • (qāˀēm) m

1. present (the current moment or period of time)

   Synonym: ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܗܵܫܵܐ (zaḇnā dhāšā)

   Coordinate terms: ܕܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ (daˁḇar, “past”), ܕܲܥܬܝܼܕ݂ (daˁtīḏ, “future”)

Derived terms

• ܩܵܐܹܡܵܝܵܐ (qāˀēmāyā)
• ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ ܕܩܵܐܹܡ (zaḇnā dqāˀēm, “present tense”)