كرم
Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1.1
[edit]Root |
---|
ك ر م (k r m) |
8 terms |
Verb
[edit]كَرُمَ • (karuma) I (non-past يَكْرُمُ (yakrumu), verbal noun كَرَم (karam) or كَرَمَة (karama) or كَرَامَة (karāma))
- to be or become noble
- Antonym: لَؤُمَ (laʔuma)
- to be or become generous
- Antonym: بَخِلَ (baḵila)
- to be or become precious
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
كَرَم, كَرَمَة, كَرَامَة karam, karama, karāma | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
كَرِيم karīm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | كَرُمْتُ karumtu |
كَرُمْتَ karumta |
كَرُمَ karuma |
كَرُمْتُمَا karumtumā |
كَرُمَا karumā |
كَرُمْنَا karumnā |
كَرُمْتُمْ karumtum |
كَرُمُوا karumū | |||
f | كَرُمْتِ karumti |
كَرُمَتْ karumat |
كَرُمَتَا karumatā |
كَرُمْتُنَّ karumtunna |
كَرُمْنَ karumna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَكْرُمُ ʔakrumu |
تَكْرُمُ takrumu |
يَكْرُمُ yakrumu |
تَكْرُمَانِ takrumāni |
يَكْرُمَانِ yakrumāni |
نَكْرُمُ nakrumu |
تَكْرُمُونَ takrumūna |
يَكْرُمُونَ yakrumūna | |||
f | تَكْرُمِينَ takrumīna |
تَكْرُمُ takrumu |
تَكْرُمَانِ takrumāni |
تَكْرُمْنَ takrumna |
يَكْرُمْنَ yakrumna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَكْرُمَ ʔakruma |
تَكْرُمَ takruma |
يَكْرُمَ yakruma |
تَكْرُمَا takrumā |
يَكْرُمَا yakrumā |
نَكْرُمَ nakruma |
تَكْرُمُوا takrumū |
يَكْرُمُوا yakrumū | |||
f | تَكْرُمِي takrumī |
تَكْرُمَ takruma |
تَكْرُمَا takrumā |
تَكْرُمْنَ takrumna |
يَكْرُمْنَ yakrumna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَكْرُمْ ʔakrum |
تَكْرُمْ takrum |
يَكْرُمْ yakrum |
تَكْرُمَا takrumā |
يَكْرُمَا yakrumā |
نَكْرُمْ nakrum |
تَكْرُمُوا takrumū |
يَكْرُمُوا yakrumū | |||
f | تَكْرُمِي takrumī |
تَكْرُمْ takrum |
تَكْرُمَا takrumā |
تَكْرُمْنَ takrumna |
يَكْرُمْنَ yakrumna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اُكْرُمْ ukrum |
اُكْرُمَا ukrumā |
اُكْرُمُوا ukrumū |
||||||||
f | اُكْرُمِي ukrumī |
اُكْرُمْنَ ukrumna |
Etymology 1.2
[edit]Verb
[edit]كَرَّمَ • (karrama) II (non-past يُكَرِّمُ (yukarrimu), verbal noun تَكْرِيم (takrīm))
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَكْرِيم takrīm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُكَرِّم mukarrim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُكَرَّم mukarram | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | كَرَّمْتُ karramtu |
كَرَّمْتَ karramta |
كَرَّمَ karrama |
كَرَّمْتُمَا karramtumā |
كَرَّمَا karramā |
كَرَّمْنَا karramnā |
كَرَّمْتُمْ karramtum |
كَرَّمُوا karramū | |||
f | كَرَّمْتِ karramti |
كَرَّمَتْ karramat |
كَرَّمَتَا karramatā |
كَرَّمْتُنَّ karramtunna |
كَرَّمْنَ karramna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُكَرِّمُ ʔukarrimu |
تُكَرِّمُ tukarrimu |
يُكَرِّمُ yukarrimu |
تُكَرِّمَانِ tukarrimāni |
يُكَرِّمَانِ yukarrimāni |
نُكَرِّمُ nukarrimu |
تُكَرِّمُونَ tukarrimūna |
يُكَرِّمُونَ yukarrimūna | |||
f | تُكَرِّمِينَ tukarrimīna |
تُكَرِّمُ tukarrimu |
تُكَرِّمَانِ tukarrimāni |
تُكَرِّمْنَ tukarrimna |
يُكَرِّمْنَ yukarrimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُكَرِّمَ ʔukarrima |
تُكَرِّمَ tukarrima |
يُكَرِّمَ yukarrima |
تُكَرِّمَا tukarrimā |
يُكَرِّمَا yukarrimā |
نُكَرِّمَ nukarrima |
تُكَرِّمُوا tukarrimū |
يُكَرِّمُوا yukarrimū | |||
f | تُكَرِّمِي tukarrimī |
تُكَرِّمَ tukarrima |
تُكَرِّمَا tukarrimā |
تُكَرِّمْنَ tukarrimna |
يُكَرِّمْنَ yukarrimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُكَرِّمْ ʔukarrim |
تُكَرِّمْ tukarrim |
يُكَرِّمْ yukarrim |
تُكَرِّمَا tukarrimā |
يُكَرِّمَا yukarrimā |
نُكَرِّمْ nukarrim |
تُكَرِّمُوا tukarrimū |
يُكَرِّمُوا yukarrimū | |||
f | تُكَرِّمِي tukarrimī |
تُكَرِّمْ tukarrim |
تُكَرِّمَا tukarrimā |
تُكَرِّمْنَ tukarrimna |
يُكَرِّمْنَ yukarrimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | كَرِّمْ karrim |
كَرِّمَا karrimā |
كَرِّمُوا karrimū |
||||||||
f | كَرِّمِي karrimī |
كَرِّمْنَ karrimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | كُرِّمْتُ kurrimtu |
كُرِّمْتَ kurrimta |
كُرِّمَ kurrima |
كُرِّمْتُمَا kurrimtumā |
كُرِّمَا kurrimā |
كُرِّمْنَا kurrimnā |
كُرِّمْتُمْ kurrimtum |
كُرِّمُوا kurrimū | |||
f | كُرِّمْتِ kurrimti |
كُرِّمَتْ kurrimat |
كُرِّمَتَا kurrimatā |
كُرِّمْتُنَّ kurrimtunna |
كُرِّمْنَ kurrimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُكَرَّمُ ʔukarramu |
تُكَرَّمُ tukarramu |
يُكَرَّمُ yukarramu |
تُكَرَّمَانِ tukarramāni |
يُكَرَّمَانِ yukarramāni |
نُكَرَّمُ nukarramu |
تُكَرَّمُونَ tukarramūna |
يُكَرَّمُونَ yukarramūna | |||
f | تُكَرَّمِينَ tukarramīna |
تُكَرَّمُ tukarramu |
تُكَرَّمَانِ tukarramāni |
تُكَرَّمْنَ tukarramna |
يُكَرَّمْنَ yukarramna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُكَرَّمَ ʔukarrama |
تُكَرَّمَ tukarrama |
يُكَرَّمَ yukarrama |
تُكَرَّمَا tukarramā |
يُكَرَّمَا yukarramā |
نُكَرَّمَ nukarrama |
تُكَرَّمُوا tukarramū |
يُكَرَّمُوا yukarramū | |||
f | تُكَرَّمِي tukarramī |
تُكَرَّمَ tukarrama |
تُكَرَّمَا tukarramā |
تُكَرَّمْنَ tukarramna |
يُكَرَّمْنَ yukarramna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُكَرَّمْ ʔukarram |
تُكَرَّمْ tukarram |
يُكَرَّمْ yukarram |
تُكَرَّمَا tukarramā |
يُكَرَّمَا yukarramā |
نُكَرَّمْ nukarram |
تُكَرَّمُوا tukarramū |
يُكَرَّمُوا yukarramū | |||
f | تُكَرَّمِي tukarramī |
تُكَرَّمْ tukarram |
تُكَرَّمَا tukarramā |
تُكَرَّمْنَ tukarramna |
يُكَرَّمْنَ yukarramna |
Etymology 1.3
[edit]Noun
[edit]كَرَم • (karam) m
- verbal noun of كَرُمَ (karuma) (form I)
- nobleness, kindness
- generosity
- Synonym: سَخَاء (saḵāʔ)
- 2018 July 6, “رئيس الجمهورية يزور مدينة “عرتا” الجيبوتية [The President of the Republic visits the town of ʿartā of Djibouti]”, in وكالة الأنباء الوطنية الصومالية [Somali National News Agency][1], archived from the original on 2019-01-27:
- لمدينة عرتا لها ذاكرة في قلوب الصوماليين، حيث إحتضنت نقبة كبيرة من المجتمع الصومالي، وأنها أصبحت رمزا للكرم والسخاء.
- li-madīnati ʕartā la-hā ḏākiratun fī qulūbi ṣ-ṣūmāliyyīna, ḥayṯu ḥtaḍanat naqbatan kabīratan mina l-mujtamaʕi ṣ-ṣūmāliyyi, wa-ʔanna-hā ʔaṣbaḥat ramzan li-l-karami wa-s-saḵāʔi.
- The town of ʿartā is of avid memory with the Somalis in that it embraced a large swathe of Somali society and became a symbol of openhandedness and generosity.
Declension
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Azerbaijani: kərəm
- → Swahili: karamu (“banquet, celebration”)
- → English: karamu
- → Ottoman Turkish: كرم (kerem)
- Turkish: kerem
- → Spanish: encaramar (“to climb, to lift”)
- → Uyghur: كەرەم (kerem)
- → Uzbek: karam
Etymology 2
[edit]Compare Ugaritic 𐎋𐎗𐎎 (krm, “vineyard”), Aramaic כַּרְמָא (karmā, “vineyard”), Hebrew כֶּרֶם (kérem, “vineyard”), Akkadian 𒃾 (karānum, “wine, vine, grapes”), and the possible etymon Egyptian kꜣm. Due to the small difference in the third consonant of the Akkadian form, the Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou suggests a borrowing from a language of Anatolia, the same suspicion as for Proto-West Semitic *wayn- (“grape”), and additionally speculates that the homonymic root related to nobleness derived from the name of the vine plant.
Noun
[edit]كَرْم • (karm) m (collective, singulative كَرْمَة f (karma), plural كُرُوم (kurūm))
Declension
[edit]Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كَرْم karm |
الْكَرْم al-karm |
كَرْم karm |
Nominative | كَرْمٌ karmun |
الْكَرْمُ al-karmu |
كَرْمُ karmu |
Accusative | كَرْمًا karman |
الْكَرْمَ al-karma |
كَرْمَ karma |
Genitive | كَرْمٍ karmin |
الْكَرْمِ al-karmi |
كَرْمِ karmi |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كَرْمَة karma |
الْكَرْمَة al-karma |
كَرْمَة karmat |
Nominative | كَرْمَةٌ karmatun |
الْكَرْمَةُ al-karmatu |
كَرْمَةُ karmatu |
Accusative | كَرْمَةً karmatan |
الْكَرْمَةَ al-karmata |
كَرْمَةَ karmata |
Genitive | كَرْمَةٍ karmatin |
الْكَرْمَةِ al-karmati |
كَرْمَةِ karmati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | كَرْمَتَيْن karmatayn |
الْكَرْمَتَيْن al-karmatayn |
كَرْمَتَيْ karmatay |
Nominative | كَرْمَتَانِ karmatāni |
الْكَرْمَتَانِ al-karmatāni |
كَرْمَتَا karmatā |
Accusative | كَرْمَتَيْنِ karmatayni |
الْكَرْمَتَيْنِ al-karmatayni |
كَرْمَتَيْ karmatay |
Genitive | كَرْمَتَيْنِ karmatayni |
الْكَرْمَتَيْنِ al-karmatayni |
كَرْمَتَيْ karmatay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كَرْمَات karmāt |
الْكَرْمَات al-karmāt |
كَرْمَات karmāt |
Nominative | كَرْمَاتٌ karmātun |
الْكَرْمَاتُ al-karmātu |
كَرْمَاتُ karmātu |
Accusative | كَرْمَاتٍ karmātin |
الْكَرْمَاتِ al-karmāti |
كَرْمَاتِ karmāti |
Genitive | كَرْمَاتٍ karmātin |
الْكَرْمَاتِ al-karmāti |
كَرْمَاتِ karmāti |
Plural of variety | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كُرُوم kurūm |
الْكُرُوم al-kurūm |
كُرُوم kurūm |
Nominative | كُرُومٌ kurūmun |
الْكُرُومُ al-kurūmu |
كُرُومُ kurūmu |
Accusative | كُرُومًا kurūman |
الْكُرُومَ al-kurūma |
كُرُومَ kurūma |
Genitive | كُرُومٍ kurūmin |
الْكُرُومِ al-kurūmi |
كُرُومِ kurūmi |
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 1100–1101
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “كرم”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[2] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 459–460
- Freytag, Georg (1837) “كرم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[3] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 28–29
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “كرم”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[4] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 888–890
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “كرم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 962–963
Ottoman Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]كرم • (karim)
Descendants
[edit]- Turkish: kerem
Proper noun
[edit]كرم • (Kerem)
- a male given name from Arabic: Kerem
South Levantine Arabic
[edit]Root |
---|
ك ر م |
2 terms |
Etymology
[edit]From Arabic كَرَّمَ (karrama).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]كرّم • (karram) II (present بكرّم (bikarrem))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of كرّم (karram) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | كرّمت (karramt) | كرّمت (karramt) | كرّم (karram) | كرّمنا (karramna) | كرّمتو (karramtu) | كرّمو (karramu) | |
f | كرّمتي (karramti) | كرّمت (karramat) | ||||||
present | m | بكرّم (bakarrem) | بتكرّم (bitkarrem) | بكرّم (bikarrem) | منكرّم (minkarrem) | بتكرّمو (bitkarrmu) | بكرّمو (bikarrmu) | |
f | بتكرّمي (bitkarrmi) | بتكرّم (bitkarrem) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | اكرّم (akarrem) | تكرّم (tkarrem) | يكرّم (ykarrem) | نكرّم (nkarrem) | تكرّمو (tkarrmu) | يكرّمو (ykarrmu) | |
f | تكرّمي (tkarrmi) | تكرّم (tkarrem) | ||||||
imperative | m | كرّم (karrem) | كرّمو (karrmu) | |||||
f | كرّمي (karrmi) |
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ك ر م
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