karānum

Akkadian

Root
k-r-n
1 term

𒃲 𒅗𒊏𒉏 (kās karānim)

𒆠𒄭𒅁 𒄑𒃾 (qitip karānim)

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Semitic *karm- (“vineyard”), with irregular mutation from /m/ to /n/. Compare Arabic كَرْم (karm) and Biblical Hebrew כֶּרֶם (kɛ́rɛm).

Pronunciation

• (Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /kaˈraː.num/

Noun

karānum m (from Old Assyrian/Old Babylonian on)

1. wine
2. grapevine, vine
3. grapes

Alternative forms

• karānu (non-mimated)
• kirānum, kirānu (Assyrian)

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
(wine) 𒃾 (GEŠTIN) (wine) 𒃾𒈾 (GEŠTIN.NA) (vine) 𒄑𒃾 (gišGEŠTIN)	𒅗𒊏𒉡 (ka-ra-nu) 𒆠𒊏𒉡𒌝 (ki-ra-nu-um) (accusative) 𒆠𒊏𒈾𒄠 (ki-ra-na-am) (accusative) 𒅗𒊏𒉆 (ka-ra-nam) (accusative) 𒆠𒊏𒉆 (ki-ra-nam) (genitive) 𒅗𒊏𒉌𒄿𒅎 (ka-ra-ni-i-im) (genitive) 𒅗𒊏𒉏 (ka-ra-nim) (genitive) 𒂵𒊏𒉏 (ka₃-ra-nim) (genitive) 𒆠𒊏𒉏 (ki-ra-nim)

Derived terms

• bīt karānim (“tavern, wine cellar”)
• karānû (wine red; lapis lazuli)
• rab karānim (“wine master”)

References

• “karānu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[1], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
• Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “karānu(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag