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روح

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: روج, روچ, and زوج

Arabic

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Root
ر و ح (r w ḥ)
23 terms

Etymology 1

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Etymologically related to Arabic: ريح (rīḥ, “wind”). From Proto-West Semitic *rūḥ-. Cognate with Hebrew רוּחַ (rúakh).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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رُوح • (rūḥ) m or f (plural أَرْوَاح (ʔarwāḥ))

  1. spirit (all senses), ghost
  2. soul, essence, core or essential aspect required for being
  3. life; spark of life, breath of life
  4. breath, movement of air
  5. motivation, energy, inspiration; the means to be animate or living
  6. gun barrel
Declension
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Declension of noun رُوح (rūḥ)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal رُوح
rūḥ 		الرُّوح
ar-rūḥ 		رُوح
rūḥ
Nominative رُوحٌ
rūḥun 		الرُّوحُ
ar-rūḥu 		رُوحُ
rūḥu
Accusative رُوحًا
rūḥan 		الرُّوحَ
ar-rūḥa 		رُوحَ
rūḥa
Genitive رُوحٍ
rūḥin 		الرُّوحِ
ar-rūḥi 		رُوحِ
rūḥi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal رُوحَيْن
rūḥayn 		الرُّوحَيْن
ar-rūḥayn 		رُوحَيْ
rūḥay
Nominative رُوحَانِ
rūḥāni 		الرُّوحَانِ
ar-rūḥāni 		رُوحَا
rūḥā
Accusative رُوحَيْنِ
rūḥayni 		الرُّوحَيْنِ
ar-rūḥayni 		رُوحَيْ
rūḥay
Genitive رُوحَيْنِ
rūḥayni 		الرُّوحَيْنِ
ar-rūḥayni 		رُوحَيْ
rūḥay
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَرْوَاح
ʔarwāḥ 		الْأَرْوَاح
al-ʔarwāḥ 		أَرْوَاح
ʔarwāḥ
Nominative أَرْوَاحٌ
ʔarwāḥun 		الْأَرْوَاحُ
al-ʔarwāḥu 		أَرْوَاحُ
ʔarwāḥu
Accusative أَرْوَاحًا
ʔarwāḥan 		الْأَرْوَاحَ
al-ʔarwāḥa 		أَرْوَاحَ
ʔarwāḥa
Genitive أَرْوَاحٍ
ʔarwāḥin 		الْأَرْوَاحِ
al-ʔarwāḥi 		أَرْوَاحِ
ʔarwāḥi
Derived terms
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Descendants
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(via plural form أَرْوَاح (ʔarwāḥ))

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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رَوْح • (rawḥ) m

  1. refreshment
Declension
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Declension of noun رَوْح (rawḥ)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal رَوْح
rawḥ 		الرَّوْح
ar-rawḥ 		رَوْح
rawḥ
Nominative رَوْحٌ
rawḥun 		الرَّوْحُ
ar-rawḥu 		رَوْحُ
rawḥu
Accusative رَوْحًا
rawḥan 		الرَّوْحَ
ar-rawḥa 		رَوْحَ
rawḥa
Genitive رَوْحٍ
rawḥin 		الرَّوْحِ
ar-rawḥi 		رَوْحِ
rawḥi

References

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  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “روح”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Egyptian Arabic

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Root
ر و ح
2 terms

Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /rawwaħ/

Verb

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روّح • (rawwaḥ) II (verbal noun مرواح (mirwāḥ), active participle مروّح (mirawwaḥ), passive participle متروّح (mitrawwaḥ))

  1. (intransitive) to (literally) go home, to return home
  2. (transitive) to bring home, to get home (verbal noun ترويح (tarwīḥ))

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of روح (form-II)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m روّحت (rawwaḥt) روّحت (rawwaḥt) روّح (rawwaḥ) روّحنا (rawwaḥna) روّحتوا (rawwaḥtu) روّحوا (rawwaḥu)
f روّحتي (rawwaḥti) روّحت (rawwaḥit)
present subjunctive m اروّح (arawwaḥ) تروّح (tirawwaḥ) يروّح (yirawwaḥ) نروّح (nirawwaḥ) تروّحوا (tirawwaḥu) يروّحوا (yirawwaḥu)
f تروّحي (tirawwaḥi) تروّح (tirawwaḥ)
present indicative m بروّح (barawwaḥ) بتروّح (bitrawwaḥ) بيروّح (biyrawwaḥ) بنروّح (binrawwaḥ) بتروّحوا (bitrawwaḥu) بيروّحوا (biyrawwaḥu)
f بتروّحي (bitrawwaḥi) بتروّح (bitrawwaḥ)
future m حروّح (ḥarawwaḥ) حتروّح (ḥatrawwaḥ) حيروّح (ḥayrawwaḥ) حنروّح (ḥanrawwaḥ) حتروّحوا (ḥatrawwaḥu) حيروّحوا (ḥayrawwaḥu)
f حتروّحي (ḥatrawwaḥi) حتروّح (ḥatrawwaḥ)
imperative m روّح (rawwaḥ) روّحوا (rawwaḥu)
f روّحي (rawwaḥi)

Etymology 2

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From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /roːħ/

Noun

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روح • (rōḥ) f (plural أرواح (arwāḥ))

  1. spirit
    1. soul
    2. ghost
  2. life
    ردّ فيه الروح
    radd fī ir-rōḥ
    it made him lively again
    Synonyms: حياة (ḥayā), عيشة (ʕīša)

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /ruːħ/

Verb

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روح • (rūḥ)

  1. singular masculine imperative of راح (rāḥ, “to go”)

Old Anatolian Turkish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).[1]

Noun

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رُوحْ (rūh)

  1. spirit, spiritual material
  2. spirit, geist, ghost, the spiritual source
  3. soul, ghost, a disembodied individual spirit
  4. ghost

Descendants

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References

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  1. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ruh”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Ottoman Turkish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish رُوحْ (rūh), Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “soul, spirit”).

Noun

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روح • (ruh) (plural ارواح)

  1. soul, the spirit of a person that lives on after one's death
    Synonyms: اوز (öz), تن (tin), جان (can), زات (zat), نفس (nefes)
  2. soul, core, pith, kernel, marrow, essence of a thing
    Synonyms: اوز (öz), لب (lubb), مغز (mağz)
  3. vitality, vivacity, liveliness, animation, energy
  4. name of a certain angel or class of angels

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Persian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? rūh
Dari reading? rūh
Iranian reading? ruh
Tajik reading? rüh

Noun

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Dari روح
Iranian Persian
Tajik рӯҳ

روح • (ruh) (plural ارواح (arvâh) or روح‌ها (ruh-hâ))

  1. spirit
  2. soul
  3. essence
  4. ghost

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Punjabi

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Western Panjabi Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pnb

Borrowed from Classical Persian رُوح (rūh), from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).

Noun

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رُوح • (rūḥ) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਰੂਹ)

  1. soul; spirit
  2. mind (ie. heart)
  3. (figuratively) intention
  4. (poetic) lover; beloved
Declension
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Declension of روح
dir. sg. رُوح (rūḥ)
dir. pl. رُوحاں (rūḥāṉ)
singular plural
direct رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحاں (rūḥāṉ)
oblique رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحاں (rūḥāṉ)
vocative رُوحے (rūḥe) رُوحو (rūḥo)
ablative رُوحوں (rūḥoṉ) رُوحاں (rūḥāṉ)
locative رُوحی (rūḥī) رُوحِیں (rūḥīṉ)
instrumental رُوحِیں (rūḥīṉ) رُوحے (rūḥe)

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Urdu رَوح (rauh), from Classical Persian رَوح (rawh), ultimately from Arabic رَوْح (rawḥ).

Noun

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رُوح • (rūḥ) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਰੂਹ)

  1. essence; extract
Declension
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Declension of روح
dir. sg. رُوح (rūḥ)
dir. pl. رُوح (rūḥ)
singular plural
direct رُوح (rūḥ) رُوح (rūḥ)
oblique رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحاں (rūḥāṉ)
vocative رُوحا (rūḥā) رُوحو (rūḥo)
ablative رُوحوں (rūḥoṉ) رُوحاں (rūḥāṉ)
locative رُوحے (rūḥe) رُوحِیں (rūḥīṉ)
instrumental رُوحوں (rūḥoṉ) –

Further reading

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  • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “رُوح”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
  • “ਰੂਹ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024

South Levantine Arabic

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Root
ر و ح
16 terms

Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /raw.waħ/, [ˈraw.wɑħ]
  • Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

Verb

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روّح • (rawwaḥ) II (present بروّح (birawweḥ), active participle مروّح (mrawweḥ))

  1. to return, to go home
    شو رايك السبت تروّح معنا ع حيفا وتضلّك أسبوع؟
    šū rāyak is-sabt trawweḥ maʕna ʕa ḥēfa w-tḍallak ʔusbūʕ
    What do you say on Saturday you come back with us to Haifa and stay for a week?
Conjugation
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    Conjugation of روّح (rawwaḥ)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m روّحت (rawwaḥt) روّحت (rawwaḥt) روّح (rawwaḥ) روّحنا (rawwaḥna) روّحتو (rawwaḥtu) روّحو (rawwaḥu)
f روّحتي (rawwaḥti) روّحت (rawwaḥat)
present m بروّح (barawweḥ) بتروّح (bitrawweḥ) بروّح (birawweḥ) منروّح (minrawweḥ) بتروّحو (bitrawwḥu) بروّحو (birawwḥu)
f بتروّحي (bitrawwḥi) بتروّح (bitrawweḥ)
subjunctive m اروّح (arawweḥ) تروّح (trawweḥ) يروّح (yrawweḥ) نروّح (nrawweḥ) تروّحو (trawwḥu) يروّحو (yrawwḥu)
f تروّحي (trawwḥi) تروّح (trawweḥ)
imperative m روّح (rawweḥ) روّحو (rawwḥu)
f روّحي (rawwḥi)
See also
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  • رجع (rijiʕ, “to return”), عاد (ʕād, “to return”)

Etymology 2

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From Arabic رُوح (rūḥ).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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روح • (rōḥ) f (plural أرواح (ʔarwāḥ))

  1. spirit, soul
Derived terms
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Urdu

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Urdu Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ur

Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Persian روح (rūḥ), from Arabic رُوح (rūḥ, “spirit”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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رُوح • (rūh) f (formal plural اَرْوَاح (arvāh), Hindi spelling रूह)

  1. soul, spirit
    Synonym: آتما (ātma)
  2. essence, quintessence

Declension

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    Declension of روح
singular plural
direct رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحیں (rūḥẽ)
oblique رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحوں (rūḥõ)
vocative رُوح (rūḥ) رُوحو (rūḥo)

Further reading

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  • “روح”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “روح”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “روح”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “روح”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
  • S. W. Fallon (1879) “روح”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
  • John Shakespear (1834) “روح”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC
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