السبت

Arabic

Etymology

Root
س ب ت (s b t)
2 terms

Definite state of the verbal noun of سَبَتَ (sabata) meaning “to rest or hibernate”, “to cease”, “to stop or be still”, “to be motionless”, “to be quiet” as a phono-semantic matching of Classical Syriac ܫܒܬܐ (šabbəṯā, “Saturday”) used in the emphatic state; the religious sense likely being borrowed from the Hebrew שַׁבָּת (šabbā́ṯ, “weekly day of rest”). Ultimately stemming from Proto-Semitic *ṯabat- (“to be still, fixed, or staying”), doublet of the native ثَبَتَ (ṯabata). Related to Akkadian 𒋛𒁍𒌅 (se-bu-tu /⁠sebûtu⁠/, “seventh day of the month”), a holiday term that is paired with Akkadian 𒌓𒌋𒐊𒄰 (UD.15.KAM /⁠šapattu, šabattu⁠/, “two-week duration, the new and full moon”, literally “a day of the cessation”). Displaced شِيَار (šiyār).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /as.sabt/

Noun

السَّبْت • (as-sabt) m

1. Saturday, the cessation or last day of the week

   السَّبْتُ لَدَى ٱلْيَهُودِ يَوْمٌ مُهِمٌّ.

   as-sabtu ladā l-yahūdi yawmun muhimmun.

   Saturday is an important day for the Jews.

2. the Sabbath
3. the duration of a week, seven-day cycle

Declension

Declension of noun السَّبْت (as-sabt)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	—	السَّبْت as-sabt	—
Nominative	—	السَّبْتُ as-sabtu	—
Accusative	—	السَّبْتَ as-sabta	—
Genitive	—	السَّبْتِ as-sabti	—

Declension of noun سَبْت (sabt)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَبْت sabt	السَّبْت as-sabt	سَبْت sabt
Nominative	سَبْتٌ sabtun	السَّبْتُ as-sabtu	سَبْتُ sabtu
Accusative	سَبْتًا sabtan	السَّبْتَ as-sabta	سَبْتَ sabta
Genitive	سَبْتٍ sabtin	السَّبْتِ as-sabti	سَبْتِ sabti
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَبْتَيْن sabtayn	السَّبْتَيْن as-sabtayn	سَبْتَيْ sabtay
Nominative	سَبْتَانِ sabtāni	السَّبْتَانِ as-sabtāni	سَبْتَا sabtā
Accusative	سَبْتَيْنِ sabtayni	السَّبْتَيْنِ as-sabtayni	سَبْتَيْ sabtay
Genitive	سَبْتَيْنِ sabtayni	السَّبْتَيْنِ as-sabtayni	سَبْتَيْ sabtay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سُبُوت subūt	السُّبُوت as-subūt	سُبُوت subūt
Nominative	سُبُوتٌ subūtun	السُّبُوتُ as-subūtu	سُبُوتُ subūtu
Accusative	سُبُوتًا subūtan	السُّبُوتَ as-subūta	سُبُوتَ subūta
Genitive	سُبُوتٍ subūtin	السُّبُوتِ as-subūti	سُبُوتِ subūti

Synonyms

• يَوْم السَّبْت (yawm as-sabt)

Descendants

• → Afar: sábti
• → Malagasy: asabotsy
• → Somali: sábti
• → Indonesian: Sabtu

See also

• (days of the week) أَيَّامُ الْأُسْبُوع (ʔayyāmu al-ʔusbūʕ); الْأَحَد (al-ʔaḥad), الْاِثْنَيْن (al-iṯnayn), الثُّلَاثَاء (aṯ-ṯulāṯāʔ) or الثُّلَثَاء (aṯ-ṯulaṯāʔ), الْأَرْبِعَاء (al-ʔarbiʕāʔ), الْخَمِيس (al-ḵamīs), الْجُمُعَة (al-jumuʕa), السَّبْت (as-sabt) ^{(Category: ar:Days of the week)}

References

• Lane, Edward William (1863) “سبت”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1287-1289
• šabattu, © Association Assyrophile de France, last updated 2017.
• sebe in Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, page 319

Hijazi Arabic

Root
س ب ت
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /as.sabt/

Proper noun

السبت • (as-sabt) m

1. Saturday

See also

• (days of the week) أيّام الأسبوع (ʔayyām al-ʔusbūʕ); الأحد (al-ʔaḥad), الاثنين (al-ʔitnēn, al-ʔiṯnēn), الثلثا (at-tulata, aṯ-ṯulaṯa) or الثلوث (at-talūt, aṯ-ṯalūṯ), الأربعا (al-ʔarbiʕa) or الربوع (ar-rabūʕ), الخميس (al-ḵamīs), الجمعة (al-jumʕa), السبت (as-sabt) ^{(Category: acw:Days of the week)}

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪs.sabt/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

السبت • (es-sabt) m

1. Saturday

   Synonym: يوم السبت (yūm es-sabt)

See also

• (days of the week) إيام الأسبوع (ʔiyyām el-ʔusbūʕ); الحد (el-ḥadd), التنين (et-tnayn, et-tnīn), التلات (et-tlāt), الاربع (l-ārbaʕ)/الاربعة (l-ārbʕa), الخميس (el-ḵmīs, le-ḵmīs), الجمعة (ej-jamʕa), السبت (es-sabt) ^{(Category: ary:Days of the week)}

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /is.sabt/, [ɪsˈsab(ɪ)t]

• Audio (Amman):

  (file)

Proper noun

السبت • (is-sabt) m

1. Saturday

   Synonym: يوم السبت (yōm is-sabt)

See also

• (days of the week) أيّام الأسبوع (ʔayyām il-ʔusbūʕ); الأحد (il-ʔaḥad), الإتنين (il-ʔitnēn), التلاتا (it-talāta), الأربعا (il-ʔarbiʕa), الخميس (il-ḵamīs), الجمعة (il-jumʕa), السبت (is-sabt) ^{(Category: ajp:Days of the week)}