σύμμαχος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ξῠ́μμᾰχος (xúmmakhos) — Old Attic

Etymology

From συν- (sun-, “with”) +‎ the root of μάχη (mákhē, “battle”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sým.ma.kʰos/ → /ˈsym.ma.xos/ → /ˈsi.ma.xos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sým.ma.kʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsym.ma.kʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsym.ma.xos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsym.ma.xos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsi.ma.xos/

Adjective

σῠ́μμᾰχος • (súmmakhos) m or f (neuter σῠ́μμᾰχον); second declension

1. fighting along with, leagued or allied with
2. (nominalized, masculine) ally
3. (Byzantine, nominalized, masculine) a kind of public emissary of tax administration

Declension

Second declension of σῠ́μμᾰχος; σῠ́μμᾰχον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		σῠ́μμᾰχος súmmakhos	σῠ́μμᾰχον súmmakhon		σῠμμᾰ́χω summákhō	σῠμμᾰ́χω summákhō		σῠ́μμᾰχοι súmmakhoi	σῠ́μμᾰχᾰ súmmakha
Genitive		σῠμμᾰ́χου summákhou	σῠμμᾰ́χου summákhou		σῠμμᾰ́χοιν summákhoin	σῠμμᾰ́χοιν summákhoin		σῠμμᾰ́χων summákhōn	σῠμμᾰ́χων summákhōn
Dative		σῠμμᾰ́χῳ summákhōi	σῠμμᾰ́χῳ summákhōi		σῠμμᾰ́χοιν summákhoin	σῠμμᾰ́χοιν summákhoin		σῠμμᾰ́χοις summákhois	σῠμμᾰ́χοις summákhois
Accusative		σῠ́μμᾰχον súmmakhon	σῠ́μμᾰχον súmmakhon		σῠμμᾰ́χω summákhō	σῠμμᾰ́χω summákhō		σῠμμᾰ́χους summákhous	σῠ́μμᾰχᾰ súmmakha
Vocative		σῠ́μμᾰχε súmmakhe	σῠ́μμᾰχον súmmakhon		σῠμμᾰ́χω summákhō	σῠμμᾰ́χω summákhō		σῠ́μμᾰχοι súmmakhoi	σῠ́μμᾰχᾰ súmmakha
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		σῠμμᾰ́χως summákhōs			σῠμμᾰχώτερος summakhṓteros			σῠμμᾰχώτᾰτος summakhṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

The form συμμαχίς (summakhís) functions as the feminine of this adjective.

Derived terms

• σῠμμᾰχέω (summakhéō)
• σῠμμᾰχίᾱ (summakhíā)

Descendants

• → Albanian: simahor
• → Arabic: سِمَّاك (simmāk)

Further reading

• “σύμμαχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σύμμαχος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • adherent idem, page 11.
  • allied idem, page 25.
  • ally idem, page 25.
  • confederate idem, page 157.
  • federal idem, page 313.
• Oertel, Friedrich (1917) Die Liturgie. Studien zur ptolemäischen und kaiserlichen Verwaltung Ägyptens‎^[2] (in German), Leipzig: B.G. Teubner, page 412