σύ
Appearance
See also: 'σύ
Ancient Greek
[edit]case | singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|
str. | encl. | str. | str. | |
nominative | σύ | σφώ, σφῶϊ | ῡ̔μεῖς | |
genitive | σοῦ | σου | σφῷν | ῡ̔μῶν |
dative | σοί | σοι | σφῷν | ῡ̔μῖν |
accusative | σέ | σε | σφώ, σφῶϊ | ῡ̔μᾶς |
adjective | σός | σφωΐτερος | ῡ̔μέτερος |
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *tú, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Cognates include Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), Latin tū, Persian تو (to) and Old English þū (English thou). The initial /s/ was spread to the nominative from oblique forms such as accusative σέ (sé) < *twé, where /s/ is the regular development of Proto-Indo-European *tw-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /sý/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /sy/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /sy/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /sy/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /si/
Pronoun
[edit]σῠ́ • (sú)
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | σῠ́ / τῡ́νη sú / tū́nē | ||||||||||||
Genitive | σεῖο / σέο / σεο† / σεῦ / σευ† / σέθεν seîo / séo / seo† / seû / seu† / séthen | ||||||||||||
Dative | σοί / τοι† / τεῐ̈́ν soí / toi† / teḯn | ||||||||||||
Accusative | σέ / σε† sé / se† | ||||||||||||
Vocative | — | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τῠ́ / τῡ́νη tú / tū́nē | ||||||||||||
Genitive | τέος / τεοῦς / τιοῦς / τεῦς / τέο / τεῦ / τεοῦ / τεοῖο / τοι† / τεος† / τίω / τίως / τίος / τώς téos / teoûs / tioûs / teûs / téo / teû / teoû / teoîo / toi† / teos† / tíō / tíōs / tíos / tṓs | ||||||||||||
Dative | τῐ́ν / τῑ́νη tín / tī́nē | ||||||||||||
Accusative | τέ / τῐ́ν / τῠ́ / τῠ† té / tín / tú / tu† | ||||||||||||
Vocative | — | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
[edit]- τοι (toi)
Related terms
[edit]- σός (sós, “second person singular possessive adjective”)
Descendants
[edit]See also
[edit]- ἐγώ (egṓ)
- σύ (sú)
References
[edit]- “σύ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- σύ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- σύ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G4771 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- you idem, page 997.
- Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 325
- William W. Goodwin, A Greek Grammar. Revised and enlarged, Boston, 1900, p.82f.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 1-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek pronouns
- Ancient Greek personal pronouns