ἐγώ
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See also: εγώ
Ancient Greek
[edit]case | singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|
str. | encl. | str. | str. | |
nominative | ἐγώ | νώ, νῶϊ | ἡμεῖς | |
genitive | ἐμοῦ | μου | νῷν | ἡμῶν |
dative | ἐμοί | μοι | νῷν | ἡμῖν |
accusative | ἐμέ | με | νώ, νῶϊ | ἡμᾶς |
adjective | ἐμός | νωΐτερος | ἡμέτερος |
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cf. Homeric Greek ἐγών (egṓn). From Proto-Indo-European *eǵóH, *eǵh₂óm. Compare for example Latin ego, Sanskrit अहम् (ahám).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /e.ɡɔ̌ː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /eˈɡo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /eˈɣo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /eˈɣo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /eˈɣo/
Pronoun
[edit]ἐγώ • (egṓ) (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Thessalian, Koine)
- first person singular personal pronoun: I, me, my
Usage notes
[edit]ἐγών (egṓn) is used in Epic mostly before vowels, and is used in Doric also before consonants. The dual and plural are νώ (nṓ) and ἡμεῖς (hēmeîs).
Declension
[edit]Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἐγώ / ἔγωγε‡ egṓ / égōge‡ | ||||||||||||
Genitive | ἐμοῦ / μου† / ἐμοῦγε‡ emoû / mou† / emoûge‡ | ||||||||||||
Dative | ἐμοί / μοι† / ἔμοιγε‡ emoí / moi† / émoige‡ | ||||||||||||
Accusative | ἐμέ / με† / ἐμέγε‡ emé / me† / emége‡ | ||||||||||||
Vocative | — | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἐγώ / ἐγών egṓ(n) | ||||||||||||
Genitive | ἐμεῖο / ἐμέο / ἐμεῦ / μευ† / ἐμέθεν emeîo / eméo / emeû / meu† / eméthen | ||||||||||||
Dative | ἐμοί / μοι† emoí / moi† | ||||||||||||
Accusative | ἐμέ / με† emé / me† | ||||||||||||
Vocative | — | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἐγών / ἐγώνγᾱ‡ egṓn / egṓngā‡ | ||||||||||||
Genitive | ἐμέος / ἐμοῦς / ἐμεῦς / ἐμέθεν eméos / emoûs / emeûs / eméthen | ||||||||||||
Dative | ἐμῐ́ν / μοι† / ἐμίνγα‡ emín / moi† / emínga‡ | ||||||||||||
Accusative | ἐμέ / με† emé / me† | ||||||||||||
Vocative | — | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἰώ / ἰών / ἰώνγα‡ / ἰώνει‡ / ἰώγᾱ‡ iṓ / iṓn / iṓnga‡ / iṓnei‡ / iṓgā‡ | ||||||||||||
Genitive | ἐμοῦς / ἐμῶς / ἐμῐ́ο / ἐμίω / ἐμίως emoûs / emôs / emío / emíō / emíōs | ||||||||||||
Dative | ἐμοί / μοι† emoí / moi† | ||||||||||||
Accusative | ἐμέ / με† emé / me† | ||||||||||||
Vocative | — | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Greek: εγώ (egó)
- Tsakonian: εζού (ezoú)
- Italiot Greek:
- Mariupol Greek: го (ho), эго́ (ehó)
- Pontic Greek: εγώ (egó)
- Yevanic: אֶגֿוֹ (ʾeḡo)
- → Old Sicilian: igù
- >? Sicilian: jù
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- “ἐγώ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἐγώ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἐγώ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἐγώ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἐγώ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “ἐγώ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G1473 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- i idem, page 413.
- Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 325
- William W. Goodwin, A Greek Grammar. Revised and enlarged, Boston, 1900, p.82f.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek pronouns
- Ancient Greek personal pronouns
- Epic Greek
- Attic Greek
- Ionic Greek
- Aeolic Greek
- Koine Greek