þu
Appearance
Gothic
[edit]Romanization
[edit]þū
- Romanization of 𐌸𐌿
Middle English
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]þu
- Alternative form of þou (“thou”)
Old English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Cognate with Old Frisian thū, Old Saxon thū, Old Dutch thū, Old High German dū, Old Norse þú, Gothic 𐌸𐌿 (þū). Non-Germanic cognates include Latin tū and Ancient Greek σύ (sú).
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]þū
Usage notes
[edit]Unlike later (Middle and Early Modern) usage of "thou", Old English þū was simply a singular pronoun, with no connotation of informality or disrespect.
Declension
[edit]Old English personal pronouns
nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | first person | iċ | mē, mec | mē | mīn | |
second person | þū | þē, þec | þē | þīn | ||
third person | neuter | hit | him | his | ||
masculine | hē | hine | ||||
feminine | hēo | hīe | hire | |||
dual | first person | wit | unc, uncit | unc | uncer | |
second person | ġit | inc, incit | inc | incer | ||
plural | first person | wē | ūs, ūsiċ | ūs | ūre, ūser | |
second person | ġē | ēow, ēowiċ | ēow | ēower | ||
third person | hīe | him | heora |
Descendants
[edit]- Middle English: þou, thou, þu, thu, þoue, thoue, þowe, thowe, þouȝ, thouȝ, þue, ðhu, þeu, þeou, thugh, thogh, þo, tu, tou, towe, you
Old Swedish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]þū
- thou
- þū vēst ok þæt gø̄rir iak ok svā ― you know and so do i
Declension
[edit]Old Swedish personal pronouns
first person | second person | reflexive | third person | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||||
singular | ||||||
nominative | iak, iæk | þū | — | han | hōn | þæt |
accusative | mik, mek | þik | sik | han | hana, hōna | þæt |
dative | mǣ(r), mik | þǣ(r), þik | sǣ(r), sik | hōnum, hānum | hænni | þȳ, þī |
genitive | mīn | þīn | sīn | hans | hænna(r) | þæs |
dual | ||||||
nominative | vit | it | — | — | — | — |
accusative | oker | *iker | sik | — | — | — |
dative | oker | *iker | sǣr, sik | — | — | — |
genitive | okar | *ikar | sīn | — | — | — |
plural | ||||||
nominative | vī(r) | ī(r) | — | þē(r) | þā(r) | þø̄n, þē(n) |
accusative | os, ōs | iþer | sik | þā | þā(r) | þø̄n, þē(n) |
dative | os, ōs | iþer | sǣr, sik | þēm, þø̄m, þom | þēm, þø̄m, þom | þēm, þø̄m, þom |
genitive | vār | iþar | sīn | þēra | þēra | þēra |
Descendants
[edit]- Swedish: du
Categories:
- Gothic non-lemma forms
- Gothic romanizations
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English pronouns
- Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English lemmas
- Old English pronouns
- Old English personal pronouns
- Old Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Old Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Old Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Swedish lemmas
- Old Swedish pronouns
- Old Swedish personal pronouns
- Old Swedish terms with usage examples