zinda

See also: Zinda

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-zinda (infinitive kuzinda)

1. to be firm, be tough, stay in place

Conjugation

Conjugation of -zinda
Positive present -nazinda Subjunctive -zinde Negative -zindi Imperative singular zinda
Infinitives
Positive kuzinda Negative kutozinda
Imperatives
Singular zinda Plural zindeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huzinda Positive past positive subject concord + -lizinda Negative past negative subject concord + -kuzinda
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nazinda) Singular Plural 1st person ninazinda/nazinda tunazinda 2nd person unazinda mnazinda 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anazinda wanazinda other classes positive subject concord + -nazinda
Negative present (negative subject concord + -zindi) Singular Plural 1st person sizindi hatuzindi 2nd person huzindi hamzindi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hazindi hawazindi other classes negative subject concord + -zindi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tazinda Negative future negative subject concord + -tazinda
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -zinde) Singular Plural 1st person nizinde tuzinde 2nd person uzinde mzinde 3rd person m-wa(I/II) azinde wazinde other classes positive subject concord + -zinde
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sizinde Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngezinda Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singezinda Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalizinda Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalizinda
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -azinda) Singular Plural 1st person nazinda twazinda 2nd person wazinda mwazinda 3rd person m-wa(I/II) azinda wazinda m-mi(III/IV) wazinda yazinda ji-ma(V/VI) lazinda yazinda ki-vi(VII/VIII) chazinda vyazinda n(IX/X) yazinda zazinda u(XI) wazinda see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwazinda pa(XVI) pazinda mu(XVIII) mwazinda
Perfect positive subject concord + -mezinda "Already" positive subject concord + -meshazinda "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jazinda "If/When" positive subject concord + -kizinda "If not" positive subject concord + -sipozinda Consecutive kazinda / positive subject concord + -kazinda Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kazinde
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nizinda -tuzinda 2nd person -kuzinda -wazinda/-kuzindeni/-wazindeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mzinda -wazinda m-mi(III/IV) -uzinda -izinda ji-ma(V/VI) -lizinda -yazinda ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kizinda -vizinda n(IX/X) -izinda -zizinda u(XI) -uzinda see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuzinda pa(XVI) -pazinda mu(XVIII) -muzinda Reflexive -jizinda
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -zinda- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -zindaye -zindao m-mi(III/IV) -zindao -zindayo ji-ma(V/VI) -zindalo -zindayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -zindacho -zindavyo n(IX/X) -zindayo -zindazo u(XI) -zindao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -zindako pa(XVI) -zindapo mu(XVIII) -zindamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -zinda) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yezinda -ozinda m-mi(III/IV) -ozinda -yozinda ji-ma(V/VI) -lozinda -yozinda ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chozinda -vyozinda n(IX/X) -yozinda -zozinda u(XI) -ozinda see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kozinda pa(XVI) -pozinda mu(XVIII) -mozinda
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Conversive: -zindua
  • Stative: -zindika