selvä
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *selvä. Related to Ingrian selvä, Karelian selvä and Kukkuzi selvä.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]selvä (comparative selvempi, superlative selvin)
- clear (not dark or obscured; of more abstract concepts; see usage notes)
- Synonym: (see usage notes) selkeä
- clear, plain, lucid (free of ambiguity or doubt; easily understood; of more abstract concepts; see usage notes)
- Synonym: (see usage notes) selkeä
- clear, unmistakable, obvious, evident
- clear, free (unobstructed, free of obstacles)
- sober (not under the influence of alcohol or other intoxicating substances)
- Near-synonym: raitis
- hyvästi selvä päivä ― guess I won't stay sober today after all (literally, “goodbye, sober day”)
- clear, distinct (well-marked)
- clear (able to perceive clearly)
- Synonym: (see usage notes) selkeä
- clear (easily or distinctly heard or perceived)
- Synonym: (see usage notes) selkeä
- clear (without diminution)
Usage notes
[edit]selvä and selkeä are partly synonymous, but there are some distinctive senses as well. A good article (in Finnish) can be found on this topic on Kotus's website. In summary, selkeä is used of things which have an observable structure, e.g. selkeä taivas (“clear sky”), whereas selvä is generally used in abstract contexts, e.g. tehdä selväksi (“to make clear”). There is a wide overlapping area, e.g. a thought may be both selkeä and selvä. Sometimes the difference is a matter of convention, e.g. reitti on selvä means that a route is clear of obstacles and reitti on selkeä means that the route is easy to grasp because it is straightforward or well marked.
Declension
[edit]Inflection of selvä (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | selvä | selvät | |
genitive | selvän | selvien | |
partitive | selvää | selviä | |
illative | selvään | selviin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | selvä | selvät | |
accusative | nom. | selvä | selvät |
gen. | selvän | ||
genitive | selvän | selvien selväin rare | |
partitive | selvää | selviä | |
inessive | selvässä | selvissä | |
elative | selvästä | selvistä | |
illative | selvään | selviin | |
adessive | selvällä | selvillä | |
ablative | selvältä | selviltä | |
allative | selvälle | selville | |
essive | selvänä | selvinä | |
translative | selväksi | selviksi | |
abessive | selvättä | selvittä | |
instructive | — | selvin | |
comitative | — | selvine |
Derived terms
[edit]- epäselvä
- ilmiselvä
- itsestäänselvä
- ottaa selvää (“to find out, determine”)
- päivänselvä
- saada selville (“to find out, get to know, learn, unearth, uncover”)
- selvilleotto
- selvillesaanti
- selvinpäin
- selväjärkinen
- selväkieli
- selväkielinen
- selvännäkijä
- selvänäkijä
- selvänäkö
- selvänäköinen
- selväpiirteinen
- selväpuheinen
- selväpäinen
- selvärajainen
- selvärakenteinen
- selväsanainen
- vesiselvä
Interjection
[edit]selvä!
- all right, OK (used to affirm, indicate agreement, or consent).
- Selvä, mennäänpä sitten.
- All right, let's go then.
- (radio) roger!
Further reading
[edit]- “selvä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *selvä. Cognates include Finnish selvä.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈselʋæ/, [ˈs̠e̞lʲʋ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈselʋæ/, [ˈʃe̞lʋæ]
- Rhymes: -elʋ, -elʋæ
- Hyphenation: sel‧vä
Adjective
[edit]selvä (comparative selvemp)
- quick, fast
- smart, clever
- 1915, Volmari Porkka, quoting Natelia Suijalta, “1150. Soikkola, Ruutsia, III11”, in Väinö Salminen, editor, Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot[2], volume III1, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines 12-13:
- Sepoin tyttöi, selvä t[yttöi]. // Tuo tarkka takojan neitoi
- The smith's daughter, the smart daughter. // That clever daughter of a forger
Declension
[edit]Declension of selvä (type 3/koira, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | selvä | selvät |
genitive | selvän | selviin |
partitive | selvää | selviä |
illative | selvää | selvii |
inessive | selvääs | selviis |
elative | selväst | selvist |
allative | selvälle | selville |
adessive | selvääl | selviil |
ablative | selvält | selvilt |
translative | selväks | selviks |
essive | selvännä, selvään | selvinnä, selviin |
exessive1) | selvänt | selvint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Synonyms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 518
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish 2-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Finnish/elʋæ
- Rhymes:Finnish/elʋæ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
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- Finnish koira-type nominals
- Finnish interjections
- fi:Radio
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/elʋ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/elʋ/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/elʋæ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/elʋæ/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
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