raudāt

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See also: raudat

Latvian

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Raudāt aiz bēdām

Etymology

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Originally the iterative form of an unattested verb *raust, from *raud-ti, from Proto-Baltic *raud-, from Proto-Indo-European *rowd-, *HrewdH-, from an onomatopoeic (imitative) stem *rew- (“crying sound”) with an extra element -d. Cognates include Lithuanian raudóti (“to cry loud; to mourn”), Old Church Slavonic рыдати (rydati, “to cry loud”), Russian рыда́ть (rydátʹ), Belarusian рыда́ць (rydácʹ), Ukrainian рида́ти (rydáty), Bulgarian рида́я (ridája), Czech rydati, ruditi (“to make sad, to sadden”), Old High German riozan (“to cry”), Sanskrit रोदिति (róditi), Bengali রোদন (to cry), Latin rūdere (“to shout, to scream, to wail”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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raudāt (intransitive, 3rd conjugation, irregular, present raudu, raudi, raud, past raudāju)

  1. to weep, to cry (to shed tears, often while breathing unevenly (sobbing) and producing inarticulate sounds, because of one's emotional state)
    raudāt aiz bēdām ― to cry in grief, sadness
    raudāt aiz prieka ― to weep with joy
    raudāt sāpēs ― to cry in pain
    skaļi, žēli raudāt ― to cry loud, mournfully
    klusi raudāt ― to cry softly
    raudāt balsī ― to cry loud (lit. in voice)
    raudāt rūgtas, gaužas asaras ― to cry bitter tears
    nelaimīgs ir cilvēks, kuram daudz jāraud; vēl nelaimīgāks tas, kuram neviens pārdzīvojums nav gana dziļš, lai izraisītu asaras ― unhappy is the person who has to cry a lot; even unhappier is (the person) who never had a life experience deep enough to cause tears
  2. (of objects) to drip, to let liquid drops fall
    lāsteka raud un raudot aug garumā ― the icicle cries, and crying it grows in length
    no debesīm vienmuļi krita pelēkas asaras, un raudāja māju jumti, un raudāja koki ― from the sky gray tears (= raindrops) fell, and the house roofs cried, and the trees cried
  3. (in the 3rd person; of certain animals) to cry (to produce long, low-pitched sounds)
    raud vālodze naktī, kā sērdiene māsa ― the oriole cries at night, like an orphan sister
  4. (figuratively) to make crying-like sounds
    un ieklausos: aiz loga vēji raud ― and I listen: behind the window (i.e., outside) the winds cry
  5. (figuratively, of musical instruments) to make sad, melancholic sounds, music
    Vitens iegulās gultā un paņēma vijoli; klusām tā raudāja viņa rokā ― Vitens lay down in bed and took his violin; it cried softly in his hand(s)

Conjugation

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conjugation of raudāt
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) IMPERATIVE
(pavēles izteiksme)
Present
(tagadne) 		Past
(pagātne) 		Future
(nākotne)
1st pers. sg. es raudu raudāju raudāšu —
2nd pers. sg. tu raudi raudāji raudāsi raudi
3rd pers. sg. viņš, viņa raud raudāja raudās lai raud
1st pers. pl. mēs raudam raudājām raudāsim raudāsim
2nd pers. pl. jūs raudat raudājāt raudāsiet,
raudāsit 		raudiet
3rd pers. pl. viņi, viņas raud raudāja raudās lai raud
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) PARTICIPLES (divdabji)
Present raudot Present Active 1 (Adj.) raudošs
Past esot raudājis Present Active 2 (Adv.) raudādams
Future raudāšot Present Active 3 (Adv.) raudot
Imperative lai raudot Present Active 4 (Obj.) raudam
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) Past Active raudājis
Present raudātu Present Passive raudams
Past būtu raudājis Past Passive raudāts
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) NOMINAL FORMS
Indicative (būt) jāraud Infinitive (nenoteiksme) raudāt
Conjunctive 1 esot jāraud Negative Infinitive neraudāt
Conjunctive 2 jāraudot Verbal noun raudāšana

Derived terms

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prefixed verbs:
other derived terms:

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “raudāt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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