iszik
Appearance
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Uralic *jëxe- (“to drink, imbibe”) + -ik. Cognates include Northern Mansi аюӈкве (aûňkve), Finnish juoda and Estonian jooma.[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]iszik
- (transitive, intransitive) to drink (to consume through the mouth)
- (intransitive) to drink (to consume alcoholic beverages)
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of iszik
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | iszom | iszol | iszik | iszunk | isztok | isznak | |
Def. | iszom | iszod | issza | isszuk | isszátok | isszák | |||
2nd-p. o. | iszlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | ittam | ittál | ivott | ittunk | ittatok | ittak | ||
Def. | ittam | ittad | itta | ittuk | ittátok | itták | |||
2nd-p. o. | ittalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. inni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ivék or ivám |
ivál | iva or ivék |
ivánk | ivátok | ivának | ||
Def. | ivám | ivád | ivá | ivánk | ivátok | ivák | |||
2nd-p. o. | iválak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. iszik vala, ivott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | iandok or ivandok (or iandom or ivandom) |
iandasz or ivandasz | iand or ivand (or iandik or ivandik*) |
iandunk or ivandunk | iandotok or ivandotok | iandanak or ivandanak | ||
Def. | iandom or ivandom | iandod or ivandod | iandja or ivandja | iandjuk or ivandjuk | iandjátok or ivandjátok | iandják or ivandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | iandalak or ivandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | innék (or innám) |
innál | inna (or innék*) |
innánk | innátok | innának | |
Def. | innám | innád | inná | innánk (or innók) |
innátok | innák | |||
2nd-p. o. | innálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ivott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | igyak or igyam |
igyál | igyon or igyék |
igyunk | igyatok | igyanak | |
Def. | igyam | idd or igyad |
igya | igyuk | igyátok | igyák | |||
2nd-p. o. | igyalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ivott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | inni | innom | innod | innia | innunk | innotok | inniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
ivás | ivó | ivott | iandó or ivandó | íva (íván) | itat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of iszik
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ihatok (or ihatom) |
ihatsz (or ihatol) |
ihat (or ihatik) |
ihatunk | ihattok | ihatnak | |
Def. | ihatom | ihatod | ihatja | ihatjuk | ihatjátok | ihatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ihatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | ihattam | ihattál | ihatott | ihattunk | ihattatok | ihattak | ||
Def. | ihattam | ihattad | ihatta | ihattuk | ihattátok | ihatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | ihattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ihaték or ihatám |
ihatál | ihata or ihaték |
ihatánk | ihatátok | ihatának | ||
Def. | ihatám | ihatád | ihatá | ihatánk | ihatátok | ihaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | ihatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. ihat vala, ihatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | ihatandok or ivandhatok |
ihatandasz or ivandhatsz |
ihatand or ivandhat |
ihatandunk or ivandhatunk |
ihatandotok or ivandhattok |
ihatandanak or ivandhatnak | ||
Def. | ihatandom or ivandhatom |
ihatandod or ivandhatod |
ihatandja or ivandhatja |
ihatandjuk or ivandhatjuk |
ihatandjátok or ivandhatjátok |
ihatandják or ivandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ihatandalak or ivandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ihatnék (or ihatnám) |
ihatnál | ihatna (or ihatnék*) |
ihatnánk | ihatnátok | ihatnának | |
Def. | ihatnám | ihatnád | ihatná | ihatnánk (or ihatnók) |
ihatnátok | ihatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ihatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ihatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ihassak (or ihassam) |
ihass or ihassál |
ihasson (or ihassék) |
ihassunk | ihassatok | ihassanak | |
Def. | ihassam | ihasd or ihassad |
ihassa | ihassuk | ihassátok | ihassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ihassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ihatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (ihatni) | (ihatnom) | (ihatnod) | (ihatnia) | (ihatnunk) | (ihatnotok) | (ihatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | iható | Neg. adj. | ihatatlan | Adv. part. | (ihatva / ihatván) | ||||
Troponyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Compound words
(With verbal prefixes):
Expressions
See also
[edit]The seven sz-v stem verbs
Indicative 1st-p. sg. |
eszem, iszom, hiszek, viszek, leszek, teszek, veszek |
Infinitive | enni, inni, hinni, vinni, lenni, tenni, venni | Pres. part. | evő, ivó, hívő, vivő, lévő/levő, tevő, vevő | |
Past 1st p. sg. |
ettem, ittam, hittem, vittem, lettem, tettem, vettem |
Verbal nouns |
evés, ivás, (hivés,) vivés, levés, tevés, vevés | |||
Imperative 1st-p. sg. |
egyek, igyak, higgyek, vigyek, legyek, tegyek, vegyek | Past 3rd sg. | evett, ivott, hitt, vitt, lett, tett, vett | Other nouns |
étel, ital, hitel, vitel, | (lét,) tétel, vétel |
(obs./archaic | őn, —, hűn, vín, lőn, tőn, vőn) | — | lény, tény, vény |
References
[edit]- ^ Entry #195 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ iszik in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
Further reading
[edit]- iszik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Categories:
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian verbs suffixed with -ik
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/isik
- Rhymes:Hungarian/isik/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian intransitive verbs
- hu:Drinking