guru
English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Hindi गुरु (guru) / Punjabi ਗੁਰੂ (gurū), from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “venerable, respectable”), originally "heavy" and in this sense cognate to English grieve and, more distantly, brute. Doublet of grave. A traditional, though flawed etymology based on the Advayataraka Upanishad (line 16)[1] describes the syllables gu as “darkness” and ru as “destroyer”, thus ascribing the meaning of “one who destroys/dispels darkness” to the word.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈɡʊɹuː/, /ˈɡuːɹuː/, /ɡʊˈɹuː/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈɡʊɹ(ˌ)u/, /ˈɡu(ˌ)ɹu/, /ɡəˈɹu/
Audio (Mid-Atlantic US): (file)
- Rhymes: -ʊɹuː, -uːɹuː, -uː
Noun
[edit]guru (plural gurus or guru)
- In Indian traditions: a spiritual teacher who transmits knowledge to a shishya. [from 17th c.]
- 1817, William Ward, History, Literature and Religion of the Hindoos, volume II:
- When the gooroo arrives at the house of a disciple, the whole family prostrate themselves at his feet, and the spiritual guide puts his right foot on the heads of the prostrate family.
- 1939, Verrier Elwin, “The Magician and His Control of the Natural World”, in The Baiga, London: John Murray, […], section II (The Magician’s Heritage), page 342:
- The Baiga magicians derive from the old guru who succeeded Nanga Baiga. There is very great confusion about the original guru, and how he was actually related to Nanga Baiga, but there is general agreement that there were originally four great Baiga guru—Daugun, Nindhan, Danantar and Madhakawar, all four brothers.
- 1989, Norman Jacobs, “The Classical Indian Society”, in Patrimonial Interpretation of Indian Society: Contemporary Structure and Historical Foundations, Delhi: Chanakya Publications, →ISBN, page 66:
- These guru, third, were responsible for insuring that the populace would not be tempted to support heterodox world renouncers and their counter-patrimonial ideas. In contrast to the pre-classical Brahmin scholars, who serviced only their own and certain ruler and elite religion-social interests, the guru were the patronal guides of the masses, offering prebendal control of the deities through charismatic but morally expounded magic and psychological compensation as personal confessors, in return for popular willingness to conform to the dharmic rules, as interpreted by guru to be sure.
- 1994, Simon Rae, “Kiniteken Si Pemena: The Original Belief”, in Breath Becomes the Wind: Old and New in Karo Religion, Dunedin: University of Otago Press, →ISBN, part I (The Karo World), page 19:
- Many of the deities and beliefs recorded by the guru are in fact unknown to the common people, and some represent the esoteric knowledge of only a few guru.
- 2010 May 10, “Madonna is my guru”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian[2], London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-09-24:
- Traditionally, a guru is a spiritual teacher who guides a student on the road to Enlightenment, or finding God.
- (India) Any general teacher (as a term of respect).
- (sometimes humorous) An influential advisor or mentor. [from 20th c.]
- 2004 October 18, “Vintage technology”, in Time:
- Many oenophiles rely on the ratings and recommendations of wine guru Robert Parker when selecting the perfect bottle.
- (derogatory) A fraudster or conman relying on a projected air of confidence in an obscure field.
- 2012, John D. Rooke (Court of Queen’s Bench of Alberta), “Meads v. Meads, 2012 ABQB 571”, in CanLII[3]:
- OPCA gurus are modern legal alchemists. They promise gold, but their methods are principally intended to impress the gullible, or those who wish to use this drivel to abuse the court system. Any lack of legal success by the OPCA litigant is, of course, portrayed as a consequence of the customer’s failure to properly understand and apply the guru's special knowledge.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
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Verb
[edit]guru (third-person singular simple present gurus, present participle guruing, simple past and past participle gurued)
- To act as a guru; to give wise advice
References
[edit]- ^ “Advaya Taraka Upanishad(English Translation)”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)[1], 2011 December 15 (last accessed), archived from the original on 6 February 2012
Blagar
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru
References
[edit]- Antoinette Schapper, The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1 (2014), p. 165
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Hindi गुरु (guru) / Urdu گرو (guru) / Punjabi ਗੁਰੂ (gurū), from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “venerable, respectable”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru m (plural gurus)
- guru (spiritual teacher)
Further reading
[edit]- “guru” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Czech
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru m anim
Declension
[edit]Also indeclinable.
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Ultimately from Sanskrit गुरु (guru).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru
- A guru
Declension
[edit]Inflection of guru (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | guru | gurut | |
genitive | gurun | gurujen | |
partitive | gurua | guruja | |
illative | guruun | guruihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | guru | gurut | |
accusative | nom. | guru | gurut |
gen. | gurun | ||
genitive | gurun | gurujen | |
partitive | gurua | guruja | |
inessive | gurussa | guruissa | |
elative | gurusta | guruista | |
illative | guruun | guruihin | |
adessive | gurulla | guruilla | |
ablative | gurulta | guruilta | |
allative | gurulle | guruille | |
essive | guruna | guruina | |
translative | guruksi | guruiksi | |
abessive | gurutta | guruitta | |
instructive | — | guruin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Further reading
[edit]- “guru”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][4] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru m (plural gurus)
- Alternative spelling of gourou
Hausa
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]gūr̃ū m (plural gūr̃ā̀yē, possessed form gūr̃un)
- A large leather belt, usually containing charms.
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Hindi गुरु (guru), from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “heavy”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru (plural guruk)
- guru (a Hindu or Sikh spiritual teacher)
- guru (leader or expert in a field)
- Synonyms: tanító, mester, tanítómester
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | guru | guruk |
accusative | gurut | gurukat |
dative | gurunak | guruknak |
instrumental | guruval | gurukkal |
causal-final | guruért | gurukért |
translative | guruvá | gurukká |
terminative | guruig | gurukig |
essive-formal | guruként | gurukként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | guruban | gurukban |
superessive | gurun | gurukon |
adessive | gurunál | guruknál |
illative | guruba | gurukba |
sublative | gurura | gurukra |
allative | guruhoz | gurukhoz |
elative | guruból | gurukból |
delative | gururól | gurukról |
ablative | gurutól | guruktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
gurué | guruké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
guruéi | gurukéi |
Possessive forms of guru | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | gurum | guruim |
2nd person sing. | gurud | guruid |
3rd person sing. | guruja | gurui |
1st person plural | gurunk | guruink |
2nd person plural | gurutok | guruitok |
3rd person plural | gurujuk | guruik |
References
[edit]- ^ guru in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN
Indonesian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Malay guru, ultimately Sanskrit गुरु (gurú, “guru, teacher, sage”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥Húṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (“heavy”). Doublet of brutal and bruto.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈɡuru/ [ˈɡu.ru]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -uru
- Syllabification: gu‧ru
Noun
[edit]guru (plural)
- (education) teacher: a person who teaches, especially one employed in a school.
- specifically, graduate of teacher professional education.
- guru: a spiritual teacher who transmits knowledge to a shishya.
Derived terms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “guru” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Italian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Hindi गुरू (gurū, “teacher”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru m (invariable)
- a guru (religious or spiritual leader; influential person)
Anagrams
[edit]Javanese
[edit]Romanization
[edit]guru
- Romanization of ꦒꦸꦫꦸ
Latin
[edit]Noun
[edit]gū̆rū
Lindu
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru
Maguindanao
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Malay guru, from Sanskrit गुरु (gurú).
Noun
[edit]guru
Malay
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Sanskrit गुरु (gurú, “teacher, sage”) via Old Javanese, from Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥Húṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (“heavy”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru (Jawi spelling ݢورو, plural guru-guru, informal 1st possessive guruku, 2nd possessive gurumu, 3rd possessive gurunya)
Derived terms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Edi Sedyawati, Ellya Iswati, Kusparyati Boedhijono, Dyah Widjajanti D. (1994) Kosakata Bahasa Sanskerta dalam Bahasa Melayu Masa Kini, Jakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, →ISBN, page 76
- Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “ݢورو goeroe”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 108
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “ݢورو guru”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 581
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “guru”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 383
Further reading
[edit]- “guru” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Mapudungun
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru (Raguileo spelling)
- A fox
Old Javanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit गुरु (guru).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru
- teacher
- long syllable
Derived terms
[edit]- Bhaṭāra Guru
- guru deśa
- guru hyaṅ
- guru kaki
- guru loka
- guru nini
- guru pitarā
- guru wana
- gurubhakti
- gurudakṣiṇa
- gurudroha
- gurudroha
- gurudrohaka
- gurudṛwya
- gurugaṇa
- gurukulawāsi
- gurulaṅghyana
- gurumbhāgi
- gurumukha
- gurupatnī
- guruputra
- guruputrī
- gurutah
- gurutalpaka
- gurutattwa
- guruwacana
- guruwaktra
- guruwinda
- guruyāga
- guruśikṣā
- guruśuśrūṣa
- gurūpacaraṇa
- gurūpadeśa
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- "guru" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Sanskrit गुरु (guru). It is an assimilatory modification of garu.
Adjective
[edit]guru
Declension
[edit]Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | guru | guravo or gurū |
Accusative (second) | guruṃ | guravo or gurū |
Instrumental (third) | gurunā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Dative (fourth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | gurusmā or gurumhā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Genitive (sixth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | gurusmiṃ or gurumhi | gurūsu |
Vocative (calling) | guru | gurave or guravo |
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | gurunī | guruniyo or gurunī |
Accusative (second) | guruniṃ or guruniyaṃ | guruniyo or gurunī |
Instrumental (third) | guruniyā | gurunīhi or gurunībhi |
Dative (fourth) | guruniyā | gurunīnaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | guruniyā | gurunīhi or gurunībhi |
Genitive (sixth) | guruniyā | gurunīnaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | guruniyā or guruniyaṃ | gurunīsu |
Vocative (calling) | guruni | guruniyo or gurunī |
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | guru | gurūni or gurū |
Accusative (second) | guruṃ | gurūni or gurū |
Instrumental (third) | gurunā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Dative (fourth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | gurusmā or gurumhā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Genitive (sixth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | gurusmiṃ or gurumhi | gurūsu |
Vocative (calling) | guru | gurūni or gurū |
Noun
[edit]guru m
- teacher (clarification of this definition is needed)
Declension
[edit]Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | guru | guravo or gurū |
Accusative (second) | guruṃ | guravo or gurū |
Instrumental (third) | gurunā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Dative (fourth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | gurusmā or gurumhā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Genitive (sixth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | gurusmiṃ or gurumhi | gurūsu |
Vocative (calling) | guru | gurave or guravo |
References
[edit]Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “guru”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Hindi गुरू (gurū) / Urdu گرو (guru) / Punjabi ਗੁਰੂ (gurū), from Sanskrit गुरु (gurú), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥Húṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (“heavy”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru m pers (indeclinable)
Further reading
[edit]- guru in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- guru in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Sanskrit गुरु (gurú, “venerable, respectable”), originally "heavy", from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us. Doublet of bruto.
Pronunciation
[edit]
- Rhymes: -u
- Hyphenation: gu‧ru
Noun
[edit]guru m (plural gurus)
- guru (spiritual teacher)
Noun
[edit]guru m or f by sense (plural gurus)
- guru (advisor, mentor)
Related terms
[edit]Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from English guru or French gourou.
Noun
[edit]guru m (plural guru)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
nominative-accusative | guru | guruul | guru | gurui | |
genitive-dative | guru | guruului | guru | gurulor | |
vocative | guruule | gurulor |
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Noun
[edit]gȕru m (Cyrillic spelling гу̏ру)
Declension
[edit]Slovak
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Derived from Hindi गुरू (gurū) / Urdu گرو (guru), from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “venerable, respectable”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru m pers
Usage notes
[edit]May also be indeclineable.
Declension
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “guru”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
Swahili
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Hindi गुड़ (guṛ, “jaggery”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru
- Only used in sukari guru (“jaggery”)
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Hindi गुरू (gurū), from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “heavy”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru c
Declension
[edit]nominative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|
singular | indefinite | guru | gurus |
definite | gurun | guruns | |
plural | indefinite | gurur, guruer, gurus | gururs, guruers, gurus |
definite | gururna, guruernas | gururnas, guruernas |
References
[edit]Toba Batak
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]Yakan
[edit]Noun
[edit]guru
- teacher (of spiritual matters or martial arts)
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷreh₂-
- English terms derived from Hindi
- English terms derived from Punjabi
- English terms derived from Sanskrit
- English doublets
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ʊɹuː
- Rhymes:English/ʊɹuː/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/uːɹuː
- Rhymes:English/uːɹuː/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/uː
- Rhymes:English/uː/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English indeclinable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- Indian English
- English humorous terms
- English derogatory terms
- English verbs
- en:Hinduism
- en:People
- Blagar lemmas
- Blagar nouns
- Catalan terms derived from Hindi
- Catalan terms derived from Urdu
- Catalan terms derived from Punjabi
- Catalan terms derived from Sanskrit
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan masculine nouns
- ca:Hinduism
- ca:Sikhism
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech animate nouns
- Czech masculine animate nouns
- Czech masculine animate nouns in -u
- Czech indeclinable nouns
- Finnish terms derived from Sanskrit
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/uru
- Rhymes:Finnish/uru/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish valo-type nominals
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- Hausa terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hausa lemmas
- Hausa nouns
- Hausa masculine nouns
- ha:Clothing
- Hungarian terms derived from Hindi
- Hungarian terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ru
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ru/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- hu:Hinduism
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Sanskrit
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Indonesian doublets
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/uru
- Rhymes:Indonesian/uru/2 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- id:Education
- id:Occupations
- Italian terms derived from Hindi
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/uru
- Rhymes:Italian/uru/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian indeclinable nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian masculine nouns
- Javanese non-lemma forms
- Javanese romanizations
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin noun forms
- Lindu lemmas
- Lindu nouns
- Maguindanao terms borrowed from Malay
- Maguindanao terms derived from Malay
- Maguindanao terms derived from Sanskrit
- Maguindanao lemmas
- Maguindanao nouns
- Malay terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Malay terms derived from Sanskrit
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Malay terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/u
- Rhymes:Malay/u/2 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- ms:Education
- Mapudungun terms with IPA pronunciation
- Mapudungun lemmas
- Mapudungun nouns
- Raguileo Mapudungun spellings
- arn:Mammals
- Old Javanese terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Old Javanese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Old Javanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Old Javanese/ru
- Rhymes:Old Javanese/ru/2 syllables
- Old Javanese lemmas
- Old Javanese nouns
- Pali terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Pali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Pali lemmas
- Pali adjectives
- Pali adjectives in Latin script
- Pali nouns
- Pali nouns in Latin script
- Pali masculine nouns
- Polish terms borrowed from Hindi
- Polish terms derived from Hindi
- Polish terms borrowed from Urdu
- Polish terms derived from Urdu
- Polish terms borrowed from Punjabi
- Polish terms derived from Punjabi
- Polish terms derived from Sanskrit
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/uru
- Rhymes:Polish/uru/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish indeclinable nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish personal nouns
- pl:Hinduism
- pl:People
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Portuguese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese doublets
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Portuguese/u
- Rhymes:Portuguese/u/2 syllables
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- Portuguese nouns with multiple genders
- Portuguese masculine and feminine nouns by sense
- pt:Hinduism
- Romanian terms borrowed from English
- Romanian terms derived from English
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian masculine nouns
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- Slovak terms derived from Hindi
- Slovak terms derived from Urdu
- Slovak terms derived from Sanskrit
- Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovak lemmas
- Slovak nouns
- Slovak masculine nouns
- Slovak personal nouns
- Slovak terms with declension chlap
- Swahili terms borrowed from Hindi
- Swahili terms derived from Hindi
- Swahili terms with audio pronunciation
- Swahili lemmas
- Swahili nouns
- Swedish terms derived from Hindi
- Swedish terms derived from Sanskrit
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Swedish/ʉːrɵ
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- sv:Hinduism
- Toba Batak lemmas
- Toba Batak nouns
- Yakan lemmas
- Yakan nouns