bruto

See also: Bruto

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian brutto, bruto, from Latin brūtus. Doublet of bruut.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbry.toː/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: bru‧to
• Rhymes: -ytoː

Adjective

bruto (not comparable)

1. gross (excluding deductions)

   Antonym: netto

Declension

Declension of bruto
uninflected	bruto
inflected	bruto
comparative	—
		positive
predicative/adverbial		bruto
indefinite	m./f. sing.	bruto
	n. sing.	bruto
	plural	bruto
definite		bruto
partitive		bruto's

Derived terms

• brutoloon
• brutowinst

Adverb

bruto

1. gross (excluding deductions)

   Antonym: netto

Descendants

• → Indonesian: bruto

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbruto/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: bru‧to

Noun

bruto (accusative singular bruton, plural brutoj, accusative plural brutojn)

1. head of livestock
2. brute

Derived terms

• brutaro

Galician

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese bruto, a learned borrowing from Latin brūtus.

Adjective

bruto (feminine bruta, masculine plural brutos, feminine plural brutas)

1. brutish, ignorant
2. uncouth

Noun

bruto m (plural brutos)

1. brute

   Synonym: besta

Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbru.to/
• Hyphenation: bru‧to

Noun

bruto (plural bruti)

1. head of livestock
2. brute, crude person

Derived terms

• brutala
• brutaleso

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch bruto, from Italian brutto, bruto, from Latin brūtus, from Oscan, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us. Compare with Indonesian brutal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbruto]
• Hyphenation: bru‧to

Adjective

bruto

1. gross, excluding any deductions; including all associated amounts.

   Synonym: kotor, kasar (Standard Malay)

   Antonyms: bersih, neto

Further reading

• “bruto” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin brūtus. Doublet of brutto.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbru.to/
• Rhymes: -uto
• Hyphenation: brù‧to

Adjective

bruto (feminine bruta, masculine plural bruti, feminine plural brute)

1. brute

Derived terms

• forza bruta (“brute force”)

Noun

bruto m (plural bruti)

1. brute

Anagrams

• turbo, turbo-, turbò

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈbruː.toː/, [ˈbruːt̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈbru.to/, [ˈbruːt̪o]

Adjective

brūtō

1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of brūtus

Noun

brūtō n

1. dative/ablative singular of brūtum

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese bruto, a learned borrowing from Latin brūtus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɾu.tu/

• Rhymes: -utu
• Hyphenation: bru‧to

Adjective

bruto (feminine bruta, masculine plural brutos, feminine plural brutas, comparable)

1. raw, in the rough (in a natural state; unrefined)

   diamante bruto ― diamond in the rough

   As praias estão cheias de óleo bruto. ― The beaches are full of crude oil.

2. brutish; ignorant (unintelligent, irrational)

   Synonym: ignorante

   Ela tem uma obsessão bruta com o emprego: só faz trabalhar! ― She has this stupid obsession with her job: all she does is work!

3. crude, blunt (impolite)

   Synonyms: mal-educado, grosso, grosseiro

   Ontem quiseram me vender qualquer coisa, mas desistiram quando eu disse um não bruto. ― Yesterday someone wanted to sell me something, but they gave up when I said a blunt no.

4. harsh, strict (severe in discipline; cruel)

   Synonym: rígido

   Cresci com um pai bruto. ― I grew up with a strict dad.

5. gross (excluding deductions)

   Synonym: ilíquido

   Antonym: líquido

   Isso é o salário bruto de um médico. ― That's a doctor's gross salary.

6. brawny, brute (physically strong, but lacking intelligence)

   força bruta ― brute force

7. wild, feral (of an animal, untamed)
8. (colloquial) cool, badass

   Synonyms: brabo, foda

Noun

bruto m (plural brutos, feminine bruta, feminine plural brutas)

1. (derogatory) idiot (someone unintelligent, irrational)

   Seu namorado é mesmo um bruto. Que nem uma porta. ― Your boyfriend really is an idiot. Ignorant.

2. someone who is crude or blunt
3. (derogatory) savage (not living in civilization; barbarian)

   Synonyms: mal-educado, grosso

4. someone who is harsh or strict
5. a gross value (value excluding deductions)
6. a wild or feral animal
   • 1938, Graciliano Ramos, “Fabiano”, in Vidas Seccas [Barren Lives], Rio de Janeiro: Livraria José Olympio Editora, page 25:

     A’s vezes utilizava nas relações com as pessoas a mesma lingua com que se dirigia aos brutos — exclamações, onomatopéas.

     Sometimes he used in his interactions with people the same tongue with which he spoke to wild animals — exclamations, onomatopoeias.

Further reading

• “bruto”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
• “bruto”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
• “bruto”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
• “bruto”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from German brutto, from Italian bruto (“brute”), from Latin brūtus (“dull, stupid, insensible”).

Adverb

bruto

1. gross

Slovene

Etymology

From the German brutto.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /brúːtɔ/

Adverb

brȗto

1. gross

Further reading

• “bruto”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “bruto”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

Spanish

Etymology

From the Latin brūtus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɾuto/ [ˈbɾu.t̪o]
• Rhymes: -uto
• Syllabification: bru‧to

Adjective

bruto (feminine bruta, masculine plural brutos, feminine plural brutas)

1. ignorant, stupid
2. uncouth, clumsy

Derived terms

• a lo bruto
• en bruto
• fuerza bruta
• peso bruto
• producto bruto interno
• producto interior bruto
• producto interno bruto
• producto nacional bruto

Noun

bruto m (plural brutos, feminine bruta, feminine plural brutas)

1. brute
2. ignorant, stupid person
3. uncouth person

Further reading

• “bruto”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10