diễn biến hoà bình
Vietnamese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Literally, “peaceful unfolding”. Calque from Chinese 和平演變／和平演变 (hoà bình diễn biến), ultimately from English Peaceful Evolution , coined by John Foster Dulles.[1]
Peaceful Evolution literally translates to tiến hóa hòa bình ~ tiến hoá hoà bình, attested rarely and used by anti-Communist authors such as Trần Mai Trung;[2] however, pro-Communist author Nguyễn Văn Toàn contends that Peaceful Evolution is a misnomer, hence its nonliteral Vietnamese translations diễn biến hoà bình and chuyển hoá hoà bình[3] (Peaceful Unfolding and Peaceful Transformation, respectively, when back-translated literally into English).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ziən˦ˀ˥ ʔɓiən˧˦ hwaː˨˩ ʔɓïŋ˨˩]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [jiəŋ˧˨ ʔɓiəŋ˦˧˥ hwaː˦˩ ʔɓɨn˦˩]
- (Saigon) IPA(key): [jiəŋ˨˩˦ ʔɓiəŋ˦˥ waː˨˩ ʔɓɨn˨˩]
Noun
[edit]- (politics) Peaceful Evolution
- lí thuyết diễn biến hoà bình ― Peaceful Evolution theory
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Saussy, Haun (2001) Great Walls of Discourse and Other Adventures in Cultural China, Harvard University Asia Center, page 237
- ^ Trần Mai Trung (2021 March) “Sự tiến hóa hòa bình”, in danlambaovn.blogspot.com (in Vietnamese)
- ^ Nguyễn Văn Toàn (2021 April 21) “Trò diễn biến hòa bình của Trần Mai Trung”, in ivanlevanlan.wordpress.com (in Vietnamese)