abstinent

See also: Abstinent

English

Pronunciation

(US) IPA^(key): /ˈæb.stɪ.nn̩t/
(US) IPA^(key): /ˈæb.stə.nn̩t/
Audio (US): (file)

Etymology 1

First attested in the late 14th century as Middle English abstinent, abstynent, from Old French abstinent, from Latin abstinēns, present participle of abstineō. See abstain.

Adjective

abstinent (comparative more abstinent, superlative most abstinent)

Refraining from indulgence, especially from the indulgence of appetite. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]^[1]
Synonyms: abstemious, continent, temperate
- c. 1612–1615?, John Fletcher, Francis Beaumont, revised by Philip Massinger, “Loves Cure or, The Martial Maid”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
  Be abstinent; shew not the corruption of thy generation: he that feeds shall die

Synonyms

See also Thesaurus:moderate

Derived terms

Translations

refraining from indulgence

Armenian: ժուժկալ (hy) (žužkal)
Bulgarian: въздържан (bg) (vǎzdǎržan), умерен (bg) (umeren)
Catalan: abstinent (ca)
Dutch: zich onthoudend, matig (nl), bescheiden (nl), sober (nl)
Finnish: pidättyväinen (fi)
German: abstinent (de) (mostly when referring to alcohol or smoking), enthaltsam (de) (sexually abstinent, celibate)
Greek: εγκρατής (el) m or f (egkratís), λιτοδίαιτος (el) m (litodíaitos), νηστευτής (el) m (nisteftís)
Hungarian: absztinens (hu)
Japanese: 禁欲 (ja) (kinyoku)
Latin: abstinax
Latvian: atturēties
Norwegian:
Bokmål: abstinent (no), avholdende
Polish: wstrzemięźliwy (pl)
Portuguese: abstinente (pt)
Spanish: abstinente (es)
Sudovian: aulaikingas

Etymology 2

From Middle English abstinent (adjective form).

Noun

abstinent (plural abstinents)

One who abstains; a faster. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]^[1]
Alternative letter-case form of Abstinent

Derived terms

terms derived from abstinent

Related terms

Translations

one who abstains

Dutch: abstinent (nl) m, onthouder (nl) m
Finnish: pidättyjä, paastoaja
German: Abstinenzler (de) m (often pejorative)
Hungarian: absztinens (hu)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: avholdsmann m (alcohol), avholdskvinne m or f (alcohol, female), avholdsbolt m (alcohol)
Polish: abstynent (pl) m pers (often associated with alcohol)
Portuguese: abstinente (pt) m or f

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “abstinent”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 10.

Catalan

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central) [əps.tiˈnen]
IPA^(key): (Balearic) [əps.tiˈnent]
IPA^(key): (Valencia) [aps.tiˈnent]

Adjective

abstinent m or f (masculine and feminine plural abstinents)

abstinent

Czech

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈapstɪnɛnt]
Hyphenation: ab‧s‧ti‧nent

Noun

abstinent m anim (female equivalent abstinentka)

teetotaler (person who completely abstains from alcohol)
Antonym: pijan

Declension

Declension of abstinent (hard masculine animate)

	singular	plural
nominative	abstinent	abstinenti
genitive	abstinenta	abstinentů
dative	abstinentovi, abstinentu	abstinentům
accusative	abstinenta	abstinenty
vocative	abstinente	abstinenti
locative	abstinentovi, abstinentu	abstinentech
instrumental	abstinentem	abstinenty

Related terms

See tenor

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French abstinent, from Old French abstinent, borrowed from Latin abstinentem.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ap.sti.nɑ̃/
Audio: (file)

Adjective

abstinent (feminine abstinente, masculine plural abstinents, feminine plural abstinentes)

abstinent, teetotal
Synonym: abstème

Noun

abstinent m (plural abstinents, feminine abstinente)

abstinent, teetotaler / teetotaller
Synonyms: abstème, néphaliste

Related terms

German

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /apstiˈnɛnt/
Audio: (file)

Adjective

abstinent (strong nominative masculine singular abstinenter, not comparable)

abstinent, teetotal

Declension

Positive forms of abstinent (uncomparable)

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
predicative		er ist abstinent	sie ist abstinent	es ist abstinent	sie sind abstinent
strong declension (without article)	nominative	abstinenter	abstinente	abstinentes	abstinente
	genitive	abstinenten	abstinenter	abstinenten	abstinenter
	dative	abstinentem	abstinenter	abstinentem	abstinenten
	accusative	abstinenten	abstinente	abstinentes	abstinente
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der abstinente	die abstinente	das abstinente	die abstinenten
	genitive	des abstinenten	der abstinenten	des abstinenten	der abstinenten
	dative	dem abstinenten	der abstinenten	dem abstinenten	den abstinenten
	accusative	den abstinenten	die abstinente	das abstinente	die abstinenten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein abstinenter	eine abstinente	ein abstinentes	(keine) abstinenten
	genitive	eines abstinenten	einer abstinenten	eines abstinenten	(keiner) abstinenten
	dative	einem abstinenten	einer abstinenten	einem abstinenten	(keinen) abstinenten
	accusative	einen abstinenten	eine abstinente	ein abstinentes	(keine) abstinenten

Related terms

Kashubian

Etymology

Borrowed from Polish abstynent.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /apˈsti.nɛnt/
Rhymes: -inɛnt
Syllabification: ab‧sti‧nent

Noun

abstinent m pers (female equivalent abstinentka)

teetotaler (someone who does not drink alcohol)
abstinent (someone who refrains from something)

Declension

Declension of abstinent

	singular	plural
nominative	abstinent	abstinencë
genitive	abstinenta	abstinentów
dative	abstinentowi	abstinentóm
accusative	abstinenta	abstinentów
instrumental	abstinentã	abstinentama
locative	abstinence	abstinentach
vocative	abstinent/abstinence	abstinencë

Latin

Verb

abstinent

third-person plural present active indicative of abstineō

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French abstinent.

Adjective

abstinent m (feminine singular abstinente, masculine plural abstinents, feminine plural abstinentes)

abstinent

Descendants

French: abstinent

Norwegian Bokmål

FWOTD – 19 November 2021

Etymology

From Latin abstinēns (“abstraining, abstinent”), present participle of abstineō (“I withhold”), from both ab- (“from, away from, off”), ab (“from, away from, on, in”), from Proto-Italic *ab, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”) + and from teneō (“to hold, have, grasp”), from Proto-Italic *tenēō (“to hold”), from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch, extend”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /abstɪˈnɛnt/, /apstɪˈnɛnt/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -ɛnt
Hyphenation: ab‧sti‧nent

Adjective

abstinent (neuter singular abstinent, definite singular and plural abstinente, comparative mer abstinent, superlative mest abstinent)

(literary) abstinent or abstaining (refraining from indulgence)
Synonym: avholdende

en abstinent heroinist
an abstinent heroin addict
- 1898, Samtiden:
  den abstinente muhamedaner
  the abstinent Muhammadan
- 1974 October 11, Aftenposten, page 3:
  han virket ikke som noen abstinent … Alkoholen hadde dessverre sitt tak i ham
  he did not seem to be abstinent… Alcohol unfortunately had its hold on him
experiencing withdrawal or withdrawal symptoms
abstinente spedbarn ― abstinent infants (babies born with neonatal withdrawal)
- 2008 March 19, Aftenposten:
  [NN] peker på at [heroin]tørken gjør heroinmisbrukerne desperate og abstinente
  [NN] points out that the [heroin] drought makes heroin addicts desperate and abstinent
- 2012 November 23, osloby.no:
  [klager på politiet] fra svært abstinente personer som … politiet hindrer … i å kjøpe heroin
  [complaints to the police] from very abstinent people who ... the police prevent ... from buying heroin

Related terms

abstinens (“abstinence”)
abstinenssymptom (“withdrawal symptom”)
abstinere (“abstain”)

References

“abstinent” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
“abstinent” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
“abstinent” in Store norske leksikon

Old French

Alternative forms

abstenent

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abstinens, abstinentem.

Adjective

abstinent m (oblique and nominative feminine singular abstinent or abstinente)

abstinent

Declension

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Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}

Declension of abstinent

Number	Case	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Singular	Subject	abstinens	abstinente	abstinent
Singular	Oblique	abstinent	abstinente		abstinente	abstinent
Plural	Subject	abstinent	abstinentes		abstinent
Plural	Oblique	abstinents	abstinentes		abstinentes	abstinent

Descendants

→ Middle English: abstinent
- English: abstinent
Middle French: abstinent
- French: abstinent

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French abstinent.

Noun

abstinent m (plural abstinenți)

abstinent

Declension

	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
	singular		plural
nominative-accusative	abstinent	abstinentul	abstinenti	abstinentii
genitive-dative	abstinent	abstinentului	abstinenti	abstinentilor
vocative	abstinentule		abstinentilor

[SOED-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “abstinent”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 10.

[1]

abstinent

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Adjective

Synonyms

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Noun

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

References

Catalan

Pronunciation

Adjective

Czech

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Related terms

Further reading

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Noun

Related terms

Further reading

German

Pronunciation

Adjective

Declension

Related terms

Further reading

Kashubian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Latin

Verb

Middle French

Etymology

Adjective

Descendants

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Related terms

References

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

Adjective

Declension

Descendants

Romanian

Etymology

Noun

Declension

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