Template:ilo-noun/documentation

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Ilocano noun headword template. This template can handle plural forms other than the default usually indicated by plural articles or demonstratives, such as dagiti or kadagiti.

Parameters

• |1=

  Headword with diacritics for pronunciation. Otherwise, this defaults to the page name.

• |pl=

  Plural form, where not formed by adding plural articles or demonstratives but by morphological modification (partial reduplication or

consonant gemination). [Pluralization guide below]

Pluralization Guide

The guide below is based on A Reference Grammar of Ilocano by Carl Rubino.
To make the plural or distributive form of an Ilocano noun, use CVC (consonant-vowel-consonant) reduplication of the initial consonant-vowel-consonant sound sequence of the noun. Nouns that start with a vowel have an inherent glottal stop (/ʔ/). Pluralize these nouns by reduplicating the initial glottal stop, the vowel, and the following consonant. Note that glottal stops at the beginning of a word are unwritten but glottal stops between a vowel and consonant are written with a hyphen (-).

Singular	Plural/Distributive	Meaning
sabong	sabsabong	flowers
kayo	kaykayo	trees
balay	balbalay	houses
mata	matmata	eyes
aso (/ʔa.so/)	as-aso (/ʔas.ʔa.so/)	dogs
itlog (/ʔit.log/)	it-itlog (/ʔit.ʔit.log/)	eggs
uleg (/ʔu.lɯg/)	ul-uleg (/ʔul.ʔu.lɯg/)	snakes

If the noun begins with a CVV (consonant-vowel-vowel) sound sequence, reduplicate only the initial consonant and vowel of the noun.

Singular	Plural/Distributive	Meaning
nuang	nunuang	water buffalos
biag	bibiag	lives
ruangan	ruruangan	doors/gates
guardia	guguardia	guards
diario	didiario	newspapers

Many nouns such as kin and relationship terms are pluralized by CV (consonant-vowel) reduplication.

Singular	Plural/Distributive	Meaning
gayyem	gagayyem	friends
kabsat	kakabsat	siblings
ikit	iikit	aunts
uliteg	uuliteg	uncles
kailian	kakailian	townmates
kaaruba	kakaaruba	neighbors
baknang	babaknang	rich men

Other kin terms only germinate, or double, the first consonant of the second syllable of the noun.

Singular	Plural/Distributive	Meaning
anak	annak	children
ama	amma	fathers
ina	inna	mothers
lalaki	lallaki	men
babai	babbai	women
ubing	ubbing	children (young people)
asawa	assawa	spouses

Some common nouns referring to people or animate beings have irregular plurals.

Singular	Plural/Distributive	Meaning
tao	tattao	people
baro	babbaro	young men, bachelors
balasang	babbalasang	young women, maidens
balo	babbalo	widows, widowers
baket	babbaket	old women
lakay	lallakay	old men

Usage examples

For balay: {{ilo-noun|balay}} which creates: balay

For kayong: {{ilo-noun|kayong|pl=kakayong}} which creates: kayong (plural kakayong)

For ima: {{ilo-noun|ima|pl=im-ima}} which creates: ima (plural uim-ima)

For ubing: {{ilo-noun|ima|pl=ubbing}} which creates: ubbing (plural ubbing)

For lalaki: {{ilo-noun|lalaki|pl=lallaki}} which creates: lalaki (plural lallaki)