Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bugday

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Uncertain, multiple theories exist.

Comparisons in the 'Altaic' family include Ramstedt's proposal of a connection with Korean 보리 (bori) based on the Chuvash reflex, which Eren (1999) dismisses as [an etymology] without a trustworthy foundation. Proto-Mongolic *buudaï is borrowed from Turkic.

Noun

*bugday

1. wheat

Declension

Declension of *bugday

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*bugday
Accusative	*bugdayïg, *bugdaynï1)
Genitive	*bugdaynïŋ
Dative	*bugdayka
Locative	*bugdayda
Ablative	*bugdaydan
Allative	*bugdaygaru
Instrumental 2)	*bugdayïn
Equative 2)	*bugdayča
Similative 2)	*bugdaylayu
Comitative 2)	*bugdaylïgu

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • → Hungarian: búza
  • >? Old Chuvash: *buɣzai̯
    • Middle Chuvash: *pŭrai̯
      • → Bashkir: борай (boray)
      • → Kalmyk: байр (bayr)
      • → Tatar: борай (boray)
      • Middle Chuvash: *pŭri
        • Chuvash: пӑри (pări)
• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (buğday)
    • Azerbaijani: buğda
      • → Khalaj: buğda
    • Ottoman Turkish: بوغدای (buğday)
      • Turkish: buğday
      • Gagauz: buuday
  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: bugdaý
    • Salar: [script needed] (buɣday)
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (buɣday)
    • Uzbek: bugʻdoy
    • Uyghur: بۇغداي (bughday)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: бойҙай (boyźay)
    • Tatar: бодай (boday)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: boğday
    • Karachay-Balkar: богъдай (boğday)
    • Kumyk: будай (buday)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Kazakh: бидай (bidai)
      • Nogai: бийдай (biyday)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: буудай (buuday)
      • Southern Altai: буудай (buuday)
• Siberian:
  • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (bugday)
  • South Siberian:
    • Yenisei Turkic:
      • Khakas: пуғдай (puğday)
      • Shor: пуғдай
    • Northern Altai: бугдай (bugday)
• → Proto-Mongolic: *buudaï
  • Mongolian: буудай (buudaj)

See also

Foods - *yẹ̄miĺčler, *yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn
Barley	barley: *arpa	Pea	beans, peas: *burčak	Wheat	farro, wheat: *bugday
Jujube	jujube: *yidge	Strawberry	strawberry: *yidgelek	Apple	apple: *almïla
Hazelnuts	hazelnut: *bōńurï	Walnuts	walnut: *yaŋgak	Honey	honey: *bạl
Millet	millet: *tạrïg	Onion	onion: *sōgun	Salt	salt: *tūŕ
Egg	egg: *yumurtka	Butter	butter: *yāg	Mushroom	mushroom: *kömbe
Radish	radish: *turp, *turma	Carrot	carrot: *turma