Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kömbe

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

According to Róna-Tas, borrowed from a Slavic language prior to the 10th century, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *gǫba (“mushroom”).^[1] Compare also Hungarian gomba, a borrowing from Slavic.^[2] Note also the unusual initial voicing in Tatar and Bashkir.

Noun

*kömbe

mushroom, fungus

Declension

Declension of *kömbe
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*kömbe
accusative	kömbeg, kömbeni¹⁾
genitive	*kömbeniŋ
dative	*kömbeke
locative	*kömbede
ablative	*kömbeden
allative	*kömbegerü
instrumental ²⁾	*kömben
equative ²⁾	*kömbeče
similative ²⁾	*kömbeleyü
comitative ²⁾	*kömbeligü

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: кӑмпа (kămp̬a)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: гөмбә (gömbə)
  - Tatar: гөмбә (gömbä)
Oghuz: *kömbelek
- West Oghuz:
  - Azerbaijani: göbələk
  - Turkish: gömelek (dial.)
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: kömelek


Foods - yẹ̄miĺčler, yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn
Barley	barley: *arpa	Pea	beans, peas: *burčak	Wheat	farro, wheat: *bugday
Jujube	jujube: *yidge	Strawberry	strawberry: *yidgelek	Apple	apple: *almïla
Hazelnuts	hazelnut: *bōńurï	Walnuts	walnut: *yaŋgak	Honey	honey: *bạl
Millet	millet: *tạrïg	Onion	onion: *sōgun	Salt	salt: *tūŕ
Egg	egg: *yumurtka	Butter	butter: *yāg	Mushroom	mushroom: *kömbe
Radish	radish: turp, turma	Carrot	carrot: *turma

References

^ K. Rédei; Róna-Tas, Andreas (1983) "Early Bulgarian Loanwords in the Permian Languages", in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, volume 37, page 7
^ gomba in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kömbe -lek”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

[1] K. Rédei; Róna-Tas, Andreas (1983) "Early Bulgarian Loanwords in the Permian Languages", in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, volume 37, page 7

[2] gomba in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

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