Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/peh₂w-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*peh₂w-

few, little
smallness

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂w- (16 c, 0 e)

*peh₂u-kos^[1]
- Proto-Italic: *paukos
  - Latin: paucus (see there for further descendants)
  - Latin: pūpa/pūpus (possibly reduplicated)^[2] (see there for further descendants)
  - Latin: putus, pūsus, pusillus, pauxillus, pullus (see there for further descendants)
*péh₂u-ros^[3]^[4]^[1]
- Proto-Hellenic: *pā́uros
  - Ancient Greek: παῦρος (paûros), φαῦλος (phaûlos)
    - Greek: φαύλος (fávlos)
- Proto-Italic: *pauros, *paurelos
  - Latin: parvus (see there for further descendants), paullus/paulus
*péh₂w-ids^[5]
- Proto-Hellenic: *pā́wits
  - Epic Aeolic Greek: πάϊς (páïs)
  - Attic-Ionic Greek: παῖς (paîs), παῦς (paûs)
    - Greek: παιδί (paidí), -παις (-pais)
*peh₂w(o)-p(o)rh₃os (“providing little”)^[6]
- Proto-Italic: *pawoparos
  - Latin: pauper (see there for further descendants)
*ph₂w-er-os^[7]
- Proto-Celtic: *ɸuweros
  - Proto-Brythonic: *uwer
    - Middle Welsh: wyr
      - Welsh: ŵyr
- Proto-Italic: *puweros
  - Latin: puer (see there for further descendants)
*ph₂w-os
- Proto-Germanic: *fawaz (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Albanian:
  - Proto-Albanian:
    - Albanian: palo-
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: փոքր (pʻokʻr) (probably an expressive formation)^[8]^[9]^[10]
    - Armenian: փոքր (pʻokʻr)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *putas,^[11] *pautas (“little, young of a bird”)
  - ⇒ Latgalian: putnys (“bird”)
  - ⇒ Latvian: putns (“bird”)
  - ⇒ Lithuanian: putýtis (“chick”)
  - Sudovian: paud (“bird”)
  - Proto-Slavic: *pъtъ, *putъ
    - ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *pъtakъ (“bird”) (see there for further descendants), *pъtica (“bird”) (see there for further descendants), *pъtъka/*putъka (“fowl, duck”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *putrás (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Sanskrit: पोत (pota, “young of an animal”) (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “paucus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 450-451
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pūpa”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 500
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “παῦρος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1158
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “parvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 448
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “παῖς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1142-1142
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pauper”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 451
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “puer”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 496
^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “փոքր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 530ab
^ Solta, G. R. (1960) Die Stellung des Armenischen im Kreise der indogermanischen Sprachen (Studien zur armenischen Geschichte; 9)‎^[1] (in German), Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, pages 361–362
^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 165
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pъtakъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 424

[DV_paucus-1] 1.0 ^1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “paucus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 450-451

[2] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pūpa”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 500

[3] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “παῦρος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1158

[DV_parvus-4] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “parvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 448

[5] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “παῖς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1142-1142

[6] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pauper”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 451

[7] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “puer”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 496

[8] Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “փոքր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 530ab

[9] Solta, G. R. (1960) Die Stellung des Armenischen im Kreise der indogermanischen Sprachen (Studien zur armenischen Geschichte; 9)‎^[1] (in German), Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, pages 361–362

[10] Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 165

[11] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pъtakъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 424

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