φαῦλος
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See also: φαύλος
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Perhaps from Proto-Hellenic *pā́uros, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w-, the irregular φ- (ph-) representing an expressive *pʰ-, as in Old Armenian փոքր (pʻokʻr, “small”).[1][2] Beekes proposes a Pre-Greek origin.[3]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pʰâu̯.los/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpʰaw.los/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈɸa.βlos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈfa.vlos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈfa.vlos/
Adjective
[edit]φαῦλος • (phaûlos) m (feminine φαύλη or φαῦλος, neuter φαῦλον); first/second declension
- (of things) easy, slight
- Eur, The Suppliants 317
- (of persons) low in rank, mean, common
- worthless, sorry, indifferent, poor, common, of no account, bad
- careless, thoughtless, indifferent
- (in good sense) simple, unaffected
- (of outward appearance) shabby, plain
- (of health) ill
Inflection
[edit]Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | φαῦλος phaûlos |
φαύλη phaúlē |
φαῦλον phaûlon |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαύλᾱ phaúlā |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαῦλοι phaûloi |
φαῦλαι phaûlai |
φαῦλᾰ phaûla | |||||
Genitive | φαύλου phaúlou |
φαύλης phaúlēs |
φαύλου phaúlou |
φαύλοιν phaúloin |
φαύλαιν phaúlain |
φαύλοιν phaúloin |
φαύλων phaúlōn |
φαύλων phaúlōn |
φαύλων phaúlōn | |||||
Dative | φαύλῳ phaúlōi |
φαύλῃ phaúlēi |
φαύλῳ phaúlōi |
φαύλοιν phaúloin |
φαύλαιν phaúlain |
φαύλοιν phaúloin |
φαύλοις phaúlois |
φαύλαις phaúlais |
φαύλοις phaúlois | |||||
Accusative | φαῦλον phaûlon |
φαύλην phaúlēn |
φαῦλον phaûlon |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαύλᾱ phaúlā |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαύλους phaúlous |
φαύλᾱς phaúlās |
φαῦλᾰ phaûla | |||||
Vocative | φαῦλε phaûle |
φαύλη phaúlē |
φαῦλον phaûlon |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαύλᾱ phaúlā |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαῦλοι phaûloi |
φαῦλαι phaûlai |
φαῦλᾰ phaûla | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
φαύλως phaúlōs |
φαυλότερος phaulóteros |
φαυλότᾰτος phaulótatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
Nominative | φαῦλος phaûlos |
φαῦλον phaûlon |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαῦλοι phaûloi |
φαῦλᾰ phaûla | ||||||||
Genitive | φαύλου phaúlou |
φαύλου phaúlou |
φαύλοιν phaúloin |
φαύλοιν phaúloin |
φαύλων phaúlōn |
φαύλων phaúlōn | ||||||||
Dative | φαύλῳ phaúlōi |
φαύλῳ phaúlōi |
φαύλοιν phaúloin |
φαύλοιν phaúloin |
φαύλοις phaúlois |
φαύλοις phaúlois | ||||||||
Accusative | φαῦλον phaûlon |
φαῦλον phaûlon |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαύλους phaúlous |
φαῦλᾰ phaûla | ||||||||
Vocative | φαῦλε phaûle |
φαῦλον phaûlon |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαύλω phaúlō |
φαῦλοι phaûloi |
φαῦλᾰ phaûla | ||||||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
φαύλως phaúlōs |
φαυλότερος phaulóteros |
φαυλότᾰτος phaulótatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Descendants
[edit]- Greek: φαύλος (fávlos)
References
[edit]- ^ Meillet, Antoine (1935) “Les sourdes aspirées en arménien”, in Bulletin de la Société de linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 36, pages 112–113
- ^ Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “φαῦλος”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots[1] (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 489a
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “φαῦλος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1558-1559
Further reading
[edit]- “φαῦλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “φαῦλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- φαῦλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- G5337 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[2], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- bad idem, page 58.
- base idem, page 64.
- careless idem, page 114.
- cheap idem, page 127.
- clumsy idem, page 140.
- coarse idem, page 140.
- common idem, page 148.
- commonplace idem, page 149.
- contemptible idem, page 167.
- degraded idem, page 206.
- depraved idem, page 212.
- despicable idem, page 217.
- dirty idem, page 227.
- disreputable idem, page 238.
- evil idem, page 286.
- execrable idem, page 290.
- feeble idem, page 313.
- flimsy idem, page 328.
- gross idem, page 374.
- humble idem, page 409.
- ill idem, page 414.
- incapable idem, page 427.
- incompetent idem, page 429.
- indifferent idem, page 433.
- inefficient idem, page 435.
- inferior idem, page 437.
- inglorious idem, page 440.
- lame idem, page 474.
- little idem, page 495.
- low idem, page 502.
- low-born idem, page 503.
- mean idem, page 519.
- mediocre idem, page 521.
- miserable idem, page 533.
- niggardly idem, page 558.
- obscure idem, page 566.
- ordinary idem, page 579.
- paltry idem, page 590.
- parlous idem, page 593.
- perfunctory idem, page 607.
- petty idem, page 609.
- pitiful idem, page 615.
- plebeian idem, page 620.
- poor idem, page 626.
- poverty-stricken idem, page 630.
- prosaic idem, page 653.
- rough idem, page 722.
- rude idem, page 724.
- scurvy idem, page 743.
- shabby idem, page 760.
- shoddy idem, page 767.
- sordid idem, page 794.
- sorry idem, page 795.
- squalid idem, page 807.
- tawdry idem, page 857.
- thin idem, page 866.
- trivial idem, page 896.
- trumpery idem, page 898.
- unconsidered idem, page 911.
- undignified idem, page 914.
- ungentle idem, page 919.
- unpromising idem, page 928.
- unsatisfactory idem, page 931.
- unskilful idem, page 932.
- unworthy idem, page 937.
- valueless idem, page 943.
- vicious idem, page 950.
- vile idem, page 952.
- villainous idem, page 952.
- vulgar idem, page 958.
- weak idem, page 969.
- wicked idem, page 978.
- worthless idem, page 991.
- wretched idem, page 993.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek onomatopoeias
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek adjectives
- Ancient Greek properispomenon terms