Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stikaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to be sharp, to stab, to goad, to puncture”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsti.kɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*stikaną

1. to stick
2. to stab

Inflection

The present tense forms have the zero grade vowel -i- rather than -ī-.

Conjugation of *stikaną (strong class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*stikō	*stikaų	—	*stikai	?
2nd singular	*stikizi	*stikaiz	*stik	*stikazai	*stikaizau
3rd singular	*stikidi	*stikai	*stikadau	*stikadai	*stikaidau
1st dual	*stikōz	*stikaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*stikadiz	*stikaidiz	*stikadiz	—	—
1st plural	*stikamaz	*stikaim	—	*stikandai	*stikaindau
2nd plural	*stikid	*stikaid	*stikid	*stikandai	*stikaindau
3rd plural	*stikandi	*stikain	*stikandau	*stikandai	*stikaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*staik	*stikį̄
2nd singular	*staiht	*stikīz
3rd singular	*staik	*stikī
1st dual	*stikū	*stikīw
2nd dual	*stikudiz	*stikīdiz
1st plural	*stikum	*stikīm
2nd plural	*stikud	*stikīd
3rd plural	*stikun	*stikīn
	present	past
participles	*stikandz	*stikanaz

Derived terms

• *stikiz
• *stukkaz
• *stukkōną
• *stakô (possibly)

Related terms

• *stikjaną (“to stitch”)
• *stikkōną (“to stick”)
• *stukkiją

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *stekan
  • Old Frisian: steka (class 5)
    • West Frisian: stekke
  • Old Saxon: stekan
    • Middle Low German: stēken
      • German Low German: steken
  • Old Dutch: *stecan
    • Middle Dutch: steken
      • Dutch: steken
        • Afrikaans: steek
  • Old High German: stehhan, stëchan
    • Middle High German: stëchen
      • German: stechen
      • Luxembourgish: stiechen
      • Yiddish: שטעכן (shtekhn)