Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stikjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *stikiz (“a sticking, prick”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈstik.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*stikjaną

To stick
To stitch

Inflection

Conjugation of *stikjaną (weak class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*stikjō	*stikjaų	—	*stikjai	?
2nd singular	*stikisi	*stikjais	*stiki	*stikjasai	*stikjaisau
3rd singular	*stikiþi	*stikjai	*stikjaþau	*stikjaþai	*stikjaiþau
1st dual	*stikjōs	*stikjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*stikjaþiz	*stikjaiþiz	*stikjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*stikjamaz	*stikjaim	—	*stikjanþai	*stikjainþau
2nd plural	*stikiþ	*stikjaiþ	*stikiþ	*stikjanþai	*stikjainþau
3rd plural	*stikjanþi	*stikjain	*stikjanþau	*stikjanþai	*stikjainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*stikidǭ	*stikidēdį̄
2nd singular	*stikidēz	*stikidēdīz
3rd singular	*stikidē	*stikidēdī
1st dual	*stikidēdū	*stikidēdīw
2nd dual	*stikidēdudiz	*stikidēdīdiz
1st plural	*stikidēdum	*stikidēdīm
2nd plural	*stikidēdud	*stikidēdīd
3rd plural	*stikidēdun	*stikidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*stikjandz	*stikidaz

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *stikkjan
- Old English: *stiċċan, stiċċian
  - Middle English: stichen, sticchen, stychyn
    - English: stitch
    - Scots: steek
- Old Frisian: *stikka, *stitza
  - West Frisian: stikke
- Old Saxon: *stikkian
  - Middle Low German: sticken
- Old Dutch: *stikken
  - Middle Dutch: sticken
    - Dutch: stikken
      - Afrikaans: stik
- Old High German: sticken
  - Middle High German: sticken
    - German: sticken
- → Old French: estichier, estiquer
Old Norse: *stikkja (only attested in passive stikkjask)
- Icelandic: stikkjast
- Norwegian Nynorsk: stikkjast