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Berlin

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: berlin, Berliin, berlín, Berlín, and Berlîn

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
The location of Berlin within Germany.
The Reichstag, the seat of the German parliament, is one of the most recognisable buildings in Berlin.

Etymology

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From German Berlin.

Pronunciation

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(German city and state):

(US cities and towns, and compounds derived from the German city and state):

Proper noun

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Berlin (countable and uncountable, plural Berlins)

  2. The capital and largest city of Germany.
  3. (metonymically) The German government.
    • 2014, Christopher Simpson, “three”, in Mark Crispin Miller, editor, Blowback: America’s Recruitment of Nazis and Its Destructive Impact on Our Domestic and Foreign Policy‎[2], New York: Open Road Media, →ISBN, page 79:
      The practical implication of this decision in the world of 1948 is clear: The United States would indeed support the veterans of the Vlasov Army, the eastern SS collaborators, and other groups that had permitted themselves to become pawns of Berlin during the war.
  4. A state of Germany containing the capital city.
  5. A surname from German.
  6. A female given name from German.
  7. A civil parish of the municipality of Seedorf, Segeberg district, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
  8. The former name of Kitchener, a city in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
  9. A village in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia.
  10. A small town in Eastern Cape province, South Africa.
  11. A place in the United States
    1. The former name of Genevra, an unincorporated community in Colusa County, California, United States.
    2. A town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States.
    3. A small city in Colquitt County, Georgia, United States.
    4. A village in Sangamon County, Illinois, United States.
    5. A ghost town in Johnson Township, Clinton County, Indiana, United States.
    6. An unincorporated community in Bourbon County, Kansas, United States.
    7. An unincorporated community in Bracken County, Kentucky, United States.
    8. A town in Worcester County, Maryland, United States.
    9. A town in Worcester County, Mississippi, United States.
    10. The former name of Marne, an unincorporated community in Ottawa County, Michigan, United States.
    11. The former name of Otoe, a village in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States.
    12. A ghost town in Nye County, Nevada, United States.
    13. A city in Coos County, New Hampshire, United States.
    14. A borough of Camden County, New Jersey, United States.
    15. A town in Rensselaer County, New York, United States.
    16. A tiny city in LaMoure County, North Dakota, United States.
    17. An unincorporated community and census-designated place in Berlin Township, Holmes County, Ohio, United States.
    18. An unincorporated community in Florence Township, Williams County, Ohio, United States.
    19. A borough of Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States.
    20. An unincorporated community in Marshall County, Tennessee, United States.
    21. An unincorporated community in Washington County, Texas, United States.
    22. A town in Washington County, Vermont, United States.
    23. An unincorporated community in Lewis County, West Virginia, United States.
    24. A city in Green Lake County and Waushara County, Wisconsin, United States.
    25. A town in Green Lake County, Wisconsin, United States, mostly surrounding the city of the same name.
    26. A town in Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States.
  12. Ellipsis of Berlin Township.

Derived terms

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Translations

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attributive form - relating to Berlin

See also

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Divisions of the Federal Republic of Germany in English (layout · text)
Area states: Baden-Württemberg · Bavaria · Brandenburg · Hesse · Lower Saxony · Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania · North Rhine-Westphalia · Rhineland-Palatinate · Saarland · Saxony · Saxony-Anhalt · Schleswig-Holstein · Thuringia
City states: Berlin · Bremen · Hamburg

Noun

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Berlin

  1. Fine worsted for fancy-work; zephyr worsted.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for “Berlin”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)

Central Franconian

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Proper noun

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Berlin n

  1. Berlin
    • 1909, Heinrich Koch, Kölsche Verzällcher. II. Bändchen, Köln, p. 38:
      Der ganze Dag hat se mem Annche gesprov, un dat Vüggelche hatt esu staats gesunge, dat ald Mutter un Doochter üvverlaht hatte, ov de Huhzicksreis no Berlin ov no Italie gemaht sollt wähde.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 2007, das kölsche liedbuch, (Lund Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Köln), p. 32, song Hey Kölle! Do bes e Jeföhl:
      Ich han die Städte der Welt jesin,
      ich wor in Rio, in New York un Berlin!
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Central Nahuatl

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Proper noun

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Berlin

  1. Berlin (the capital city of Germany)

Danish

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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Berlin

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
  2. Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Faroese

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Faroese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fo

Proper noun

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Berlin m

  1. Berlin (the capital of Germany)

French

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French Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fr

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Berlin m

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
  2. Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • → Vietnamese: Béc-lanh
  • → Persian: برلن (berlan)

See also

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Divisions of the Federal Republic of Germany in French (layout · text)
États de la zone: Bade-Wurtemberg · Bavière · Brandebourg · Hesse · Basse-Saxe · Mecklembourg-Poméranie-Occidentale · Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie · Rhénanie-Palatinat · Sarre · Saxe · Saxe-Anhalt · Schleswig-Holstein · Thuringe
cités-États: Berlin · Brême · Hambourg

German

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German Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia de
The oldest seal of the city, from 1253, bears the inscription [SI]GILLVM DE BERLIN BURG[EN]S[IUM] (Siegel der Bürger von Berlin).

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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The place is first mentioned by this name in the late 12th century (as Middle Low German Berlyn).

The origin is unknown. Slavic by the suffix -in.

According to (incorrect) folk etymology, the name is derived from the Bär (“bear”) that is the symbol of the city.

In a popular etymology of Germanists, it is derived from a Polabian stem *berl- ~ *birl- (“swamp”), for which lexical item there is no evidence in Polabian nor in any Slavic language. Closest to that would be an unknown simple of *bьrlogъ (“cave”).

Attested vocabulary is Polabian poro (“swamp, bog”). *bělь also meant a “swampy meadow” or “white field”, which fits the location at the märkische Streusandbüchse, the “Margraviate pounce box” notorious for its sandy soil, and is also the noun behind Belitz.

Pronunciation

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  • (Standard New High German) IPA(key): [bɛʁˈliːn], [bɛɐ̯ˈliːn],
  • (Berlinisch) IPA(key): [bɐ̠liːn], [bɐ̠liːən][1]
  • Audio (Berlin, standard):(file)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)

Proper noun

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Berlin n (proper noun, genitive Berlins or (optionally with an article) Berlin, plural Berlin)

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city and state of Germany)
    • 1800, Johann Paul Friedrich Richter, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
      Berlin ist mehr ein Weltteil als eine Stadt.
      Berlin is more a part of a world than a city.
    • 1910, Karl Scheffler, author of Berlin: Ein Stadtschicksal:
      Berlin ist eine Stadt, verdammt dazu, ewig zu werden, niemals zu sein.
      Berlin is a city damned forever to become, never to be.
  2. (metonymically) Berlin (federal government of Germany)

Meronyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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See also

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Divisions of the Federal Republic of Germany in German (layout · text)
Flächenländer: Baden-Württemberg · Bayern · Brandenburg · Hessen · Niedersachsen · Mecklenburg-Vorpommern · Nordrhein-Westfalen · Rheinland-Pfalz · Saarland · Sachsen · Sachsen-Anhalt · Schleswig-Holstein · Thüringen
Stadtstaaten: Berlin · Bremen · Hamburg

References

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  1. ^ “Peter Schlobinski: Zur r-Vokalisierung im Berlinischen. — Archived copy”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎[1], 2016 February 5 (last accessed), archived from the original on 5 July 2017

Hungarian

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 Berlin on Hungarian Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈbɛrlin]
  • Hyphenation: Ber‧lin
  • Rhymes: -in

Proper noun

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Berlin

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
  2. Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative Berlin —
accusative Berlint —
dative Berlinnek —
instrumental Berlinnel —
causal-final Berlinért —
translative Berlinné —
terminative Berlinig —
essive-formal Berlinként —
essive-modal — —
inessive Berlinben —
superessive Berlinen —
adessive Berlinnél —
illative Berlinbe —
sublative Berlinre —
allative Berlinhez —
elative Berlinből —
delative Berlinről —
ablative Berlintől —
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		Berliné —
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		Berlinéi —
Possessive forms of Berlin
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. Berlinem —
2nd person sing. Berlined —
3rd person sing. Berlinje —
1st person plural Berlinünk —
2nd person plural Berlinetek —
3rd person plural Berlinjük —

Derived terms

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Proper noun

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Berlin

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
  2. Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Proper noun

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Berlin

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
  2. Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Polish

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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Berlin m inan (related adjective berliński)

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
  2. Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Declension

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Declension of Berlin
singular
nominative Berlin
genitive Berlina
dative Berlinowi
accusative Berlin
instrumental Berlinem
locative Berlinie
vocative Berlinie

Derived terms

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nouns

See also

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Divisions of the Federal Republic of Germany in Polish (layout · text)
Area states: Badenia-Wirtembergia · Bawaria · Brandenburgia · Hesja · Dolna Saksonia · Meklemburgia-Pomorze Przednie · Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia · Nadrenia-Palatynat · Saara · Saksonia · Saksonia-Anhalt · Szlezwik-Holsztyn · Turyngia
City states: Berlin · Brema · Hamburg

Further reading

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  • Berlin in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • Berlin in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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Proper noun

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Berlin f

  1. Alternative form of Berlim

Romanian

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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Berlin n

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
  2. Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Declension

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singular only indefinite definite
nominative-accusative Berlin Berlinul
genitive-dative Berlin Berlinului
vocative Berlinule

Derived terms

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Serbo-Croatian

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Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sh

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /běrliːn/
  • Hyphenation: Ber‧lin

Proper noun

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Bèrlīn m (Cyrillic spelling Бѐрлӣн)

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
  2. Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Declension

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Declension of Berlin
singular
nominative Bèrlīn
genitive Berlína
dative Berlinu
accusative Berlin
vocative Berline
locative Berlinu
instrumental Berlinom

Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Berlin n (genitive Berlins)

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
  2. Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

References

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Tatar

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Proper noun

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Berlin

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
  2. Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Declension

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    declension of Berlin
Nominative Berlin
Genitive Berlinnıñ
Dative Berlinga
Accusative Berlinnı
Locative Berlinda
Ablative Berlindan

Turkish

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Proper noun

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Berlin

  1. Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
  2. Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Welsh

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Welsh Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cy

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Berlin f

  1. Berlin (the capital city of Germany)

Mutation

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Mutated forms of Berlin
radical soft nasal aspirate
Berlin Ferlin Merlin unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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