일

일 U+C77C, 일 HANGUL SYLLABLE IL Composition: ㅇ + ㅣ + ㄹ ← 읻 [U+C77B] Hangul Syllables 읽 → [U+C77D]

이익읶읷인읹읺 읻일읽읾읿잀잁 잂잃임입잆잇있 잉잊잋잌잍잎잏
의 ←	→ 자

Jeju

Jeju numbers ^(edit)

		10
		1	2  →	10  →
Native isol.: ᄒᆞ나 (hawna)     Native attr.: ᄒᆞᆫ (hawn)     Sino: 일 (il)     Ordinal: 첫체 (cheotche)     Number of days: ᄒᆞ루 (hawru), ᄒᆞ를 (hawreul), ᄒᆞ르 (hawreu)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /il/, [iɭ]

Etymology 1

Noun

일 (il)

1. work, job
2. business
3. matter, affair, concern

Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 一.

Numeral

일 (il)

1. one

   Synonym: ᄒᆞ나 (hawna)

Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 일〯 (Yale: ǐl), related to Middle Korean 일〯다〮 (Yale: ǐl-tá, “to occur, to arise”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [i(ː)ɭ]
• Phonetic hangul: [일(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	il
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	il
McCune–Reischauer?	il
Yale Romanization?	īl

• South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 일의 / 일에 / 일까지

  Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.

Noun

일 • (il)

1. work (activity done for compensation or reward)

   회사에서 혹시 어떤 일 하세요?

   hoesa-eseo hoksi eotteon il haseyo?

   Excuse me, what work do you do in the company?

2. a fact, an event, a situation (any kind of occurrence)

   무슨 일이야? ― museun ir-iya? ― What's the matter?

   이런 일이 있을 줄은 몰랐다.

   Ireon ir-i isseul jur-eun mollatda.

   I didn't know something like this would happen.

   옛날 일을 생각하니 슬프다.

   Yennal ir-eul saenggakhani seulpeuda.

   It's sad to think about my old circumstances.

3. deed (any human activity)

   착한 일을 해야지. ― Chakhan ir-eul haeyaji. ― You need to do good things.

4. (euphemistic) urination, defecation, sexual intercourse

Derived terms

• 낮일 (najil)
• 뒷일 (dwisil)
• 막일 (magil)
• 밤일 (bamil)
• 밭일 (bachil)
• 볼일 (boril)
• 앞일 (apil)
• 옛일 (yesil)
• 웬일 (wenil)
• 일감 (ilgam)
• 일거리 (ilgeori)
• 일꾼 (ilkkun)
• 일머리 (ilmeori)
• 일벌 (ilbeol)
• 일손 (ilson)
• 일없다 (ireopda)
• 일자리 (iljari)
• 일터 (ilteo)
• 일하다 (ilhada)
• 큰일 (keunil)

 

Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 一 (“one”). From Middle Korean 일〮 (Yale: íl).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [iɭ]
• Phonetic hangul: [일]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	il
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	il
McCune–Reischauer?	il
Yale Romanization?	il

• South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 일의 / 일에 / 일까지

  Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable.

Numeral

Korean numbers ^(edit)

		10
	[a], [b], [c] ←  0	1	2  →	10  →
Native isol.: 하나 (hana)     Native attr.: 한 (han)     Sino-Korean: 일 (il)     Hanja: 一     Ordinal: 첫째 (cheotjjae)

일 • (il) (hanja 一)

1. one
2. first

Usage notes

In modern Korean, numbers are usually written in Arabic numerals.

The Korean language has two sets of numerals: a native set of numerals inherited from Old Korean, and a Sino-Korean set which was borrowed from Middle Chinese in the first millennium C.E.

Native classifiers take native numerals.

• 개 한 마리 (gae han mari, “one dog”, native numeral)
• 나무 두 그루 (namu du geuru, “two trees”, native numeral)

Some Sino-Korean classifiers take native numerals, others take Sino-Korean numerals, while yet others take both.

• 종이 두 장(張) (jong'i du jang, “two sheets of paper”, native numeral)
• 이 분(分) (i bun, “two minutes”, Sino-Korean numeral)
• 서른/삼십 명(名) (seoreun/samsip myeong, “thirty people”, both sets possible)

Recently loaned classifiers generally take Sino-Korean numerals.

• 일 킬로미터 (il killomiteo, “one kilometer”, Sino-Korean numeral)

For many terms, a native numeral has a quantifying sense, whereas a Sino-Korean numeral has a sense of labeling.

• 세 반(班) (se ban, “three school classes”, native numeral)
• 삼 반(班) (sam ban, “Class Number Three”, Sino-Korean numeral)

When used in isolation, native numerals refer to objects of that number and are used in counting and quantifying, whereas Sino-Korean numerals refer to the numbers in a more mathematical sense.

• 하나만 더 주세요 (hana-man deo juse-yo, “Could you give me just one more, please”, native numeral)
• 일 더하기 일은? (il deohagi ir-eun?, “What's one plus one?”, Sino-Korean numeral)

While older stages of Korean had native numerals up to the thousands, native numerals currently exist only up to ninety-nine, and Sino-Korean is used for all higher numbers. There is also a tendency—particularly among younger speakers—to uniformly use Sino-Korean numerals for the higher tens as well, so that native numerals such as 일흔 (ilheun, “seventy”) or 아흔 (aheun, “ninety”) are becoming less common.

Derived terms

• See the hanja entry at 一 for Sino-Korean compounds of 일 (一, il).

Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 日 (“sun; day”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [iɭ]
• Phonetic hangul: [일]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	il
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	il
McCune–Reischauer?	il
Yale Romanization?	il

Noun

일 • (il) (hanja 日)

1. day (twenty-four hours, a thirtieth of the month)

   3일 동안 여행하다

   samil dong'an yeohaenghada

   to travel for three days

2. Short for 일요일(日曜日) (iryoil, “Sunday”).

Proper noun

일 • (Il) (hanja 日)

1. Short for 일본(日本) (Ilbon, “Japan”).

Usage notes

• In news headlines, this is customarily written solely in the hanja form, even in contemporary Korean texts otherwise devoid of Chinese characters.

Derived terms

• See the hanja entry at 日 for Sino-Korean compounds of 일 (日, il).

Etymology 4

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

Syllable

일 • (il)

More information

1. 一: one

   (eumhun reading: 하나 일 (hana il))
   (MC reading: 一 (MC 'jit))

2. 日: day

   (eumhun reading: 날 일 (nal il))
   (MC reading: 日 (MC nyit))

3. 逸:

   (MC reading: 逸 (MC yit))

4. 溢:

   (MC reading: 溢 (MC yit))

5. 鎰:

   (MC reading: 鎰 (MC yit))

6. 馹:

   (MC reading: 馹 (MC nyit))

7. 佾:

   (MC reading: 佾 (MC yit))

8. 佚:

   (MC reading: 佚 (MC yit))

9. 壹:

   (MC reading: 壹 (MC 'jit))

10. 劮:

    (MC reading: 劮 (MC yit))

11. 泆:

    (MC reading: 泆 (MC yit))

12. 軼:

    (MC reading: 軼 (MC yit))

13. 𨓜: Alternative form of 逸
14. 失: loss

    (eumhun reading: 잃을 일 (ireul il))
    (MC reading: 失 (MC syit))

15. 昳:

    (MC reading: 昳 (MC -))

16. 昵:

    (MC reading: 昵 (MC nrit))

17. 暱:

    (MC reading: 暱 (MC nrit))

18. 欥:

    (MC reading: 欥 (MC yit))

19. 浂:

    (MC reading: 浂)

20. 燚:

    (MC reading: 燚)

21. 臸:

    (MC reading: 臸 (MC nyit))

22. 䘌:

    (MC reading: 䘌 (MC nrit))

23. 衵:

    (MC reading: 衵 (MC nyit|nrit))

24. 辷:
25. 迭:

    (MC reading: 迭 (MC -))

26. 釰:

    (MC reading: 釰)

27. 鈤:

    (MC reading: 鈤)

28. 䭿:

    (MC reading: 䭿 (MC yit))

29. 鴩:

    (MC reading: 鴩)

Middle Korean

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ǐl/

Noun

일〯 (ǐl)

1. work, job

Descendants

• Korean: 일 (il)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 一 (MC 'jit).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /íl/

Numeral

일〮 (íl)

1. one

   Synonym: ᄒᆞ낳 (hònàh)

Descendants

• Korean: 일(一) (il)