釅

See also: 酽

釅 U+91C5, 釅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91C5 ← 釄 [U+91C4] CJK Unified Ideographs 釆 → [U+91C6]

Translingual

Han character

釅 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+20, 27 strokes, cangjie input 一田口口大 (MWRRK), four-corner 1664₈, composition ⿰酉嚴)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1289, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40109
• Dae Jaweon: page 1790, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3604, character 9
• Unihan data for U+91C5

Chinese

trad.		釅
simp.		酽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (敢) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
撖	*kʰɯːm, *kʰreːmʔ, *ɡraːmʔ
澉	*l̥ʰaːms, *klaːmʔ
噉	*l'aːmʔ
敢	*klaːmʔ
橄	*klaːmʔ
瞰	*kʰlaːms
闞	*kʰlaːms, *qʰreːmʔ, *hŋraːms
憨	*qʰaːm, *qʰlaːms
譀	*qʰlaːms, *qʰraːms, *qʰraːb
巖	*ŋraːm
礹	*ŋraːm, *ŋamʔ
豃	*qʰraːmʔ
讝	*kjam
玁	*hŋramʔ
嚴	*ŋam
儼	*ŋamʔ
曮	*ŋamʔ
釅	*ŋams

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋams): semantic 酉 (“alcoholic drink”) + phonetic 嚴 (OC *ŋam).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): yàn (yan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyian⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jim⁶
• Gan (Wiktionary): nyien⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): ngiàm

  (Hailu, HRS): ngiam

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ngiam²

• Jin (Wiktionary): ie³
• Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): ngiam⁵
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): nyienn⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
    • Wade–Giles: yen⁴
    • Yale: yàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
    • Palladius: янь (janʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nyian⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: nian
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʲiɛn²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jim⁶
    • Yale: yihm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jim⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yim⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːm²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: nyien⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲiɛn¹¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàm
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngiam^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngiam²
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯am¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngiam
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋiam⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ngiam²
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋiam¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ie³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ie⁴⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngiam⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngiâm
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋiam⁵⁵/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: nyienn⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲi̯ẽ²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngjaemH

Rime
Character	釅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	嚴 (145)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚欠切
Baxter	ngjaemH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨɐmH/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiɐmH/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɐmH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨamH/
Li Rong	/ŋiɐmH/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐmH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐmH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jim6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋams/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	釅
Reading #	1/1
No.	3696
Phonetic component	敢
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	釅
Old Chinese	/*ŋams/

Definitions

釅

1. (of a liquid) concentrated; (of a beverage) thick; strong
2. (of colour) dark

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 釅 (“(of a liquid) concentrated; (of a beverage) strong”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		釅, 濃
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	釅
	Taiwan	濃
	Singapore	濃
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	釅
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	釅
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	釅
	Wuhan	釅
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	濃
	Hefei	濃
Cantonese	Guangzhou	濃
	Hong Kong	濃
	Taishan	濃
	Yangjiang	濃
	Singapore (Guangfu)	濃
Gan	Nanchang	釅
Hakka	Meixian	釅
Jin	Taiyuan	釅
Northern Min	Jian'ou	濃
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	濃, 鎮
Southern Min	Xiamen	厚
	Quanzhou	厚
	Zhangzhou	厚
	Tainan	厚
	Singapore (Hokkien)	厚
	Manila (Hokkien)	厚
	Chaozhou	釅, 厚
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	厚, 濃
Wu	Suzhou	濃
	Wenzhou	濃
Xiang	Changsha	釅
	Shuangfeng	釅, 濃

Compounds

• 清釅 / 清酽
• 釅茶 / 酽茶 (yànchá)
• 釅酒 / 酽酒
• 釅釅 / 酽酽

Japanese

Kanji

釅

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): げん (gen)
• Kun: す (su)、さけ (sake)、こい (koi)、きぶい (kibui, 釅い)

Korean

Hanja

釅 (eum 염 (yeom))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.