讖

See also: 谶 and 識

讖 U+8B96, 讖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8B96 ← 讕 [U+8B95] CJK Unified Ideographs 讗 → [U+8B97]

Translingual

Han character

讖 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+17, 24 strokes, cangjie input 卜口人戈一 (YROIM), four-corner 0365₀, composition ⿰訁韱)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1187, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36144
• Dae Jaweon: page 1651, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4032, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8B96

Chinese

trad.		讖
simp.		谶

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (韱) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
讖	*sʰrims
攕	*sreːm
櫼	*sreːm, *ʔsem
懺	*sʰraːms
殲	*ʔsem
瀸	*ʔsem
鑯	*ʔsem
虃	*ʔslem
籤	*sʰem
韯	*sem
纖	*sem
孅	*sem
韱	*sem
襳	*sem, *srem, *srim

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰrims) : semantic 言 (“words; speech; language”) + phonetic 韱 (OC *sem).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chèn (chen⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cam³
• Eastern Min (BUC): cháing
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ceng⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhàm

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chèn
    • Wade–Giles: chʻên⁴
    • Yale: chèn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenn
    • Palladius: чэнь (čɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cam³
    • Yale: cham
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsam³
    • Guangdong Romanization: cem³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐm³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cháing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaiŋ²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ceng⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛŋ⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhàm
    • Tâi-lô: tshàm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhaxm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰam²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰam⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰam²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰam¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰam²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsrhimH

Rime
Character	讖
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	楚譖切
Baxter	tsrhimH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰˠiɪmH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚimH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰiemH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰjimH/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰjəmH/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰĭĕmH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯əmH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cam3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰrims/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	讖
Reading #	1/1
No.	1401
Phonetic component	韱
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	讖
Old Chinese	/*sʰrims/

Definitions

讖

1. text of soothsay
2. prophecy

Compounds

• 一語成讖 / 一语成谶 (yīyǔchéngchèn)
• 圖讖 / 图谶
• 支讖 / 支谶
• 符讖 / 符谶
• 經讖 / 经谶
• 詩讖 / 诗谶
• 讖文 / 谶文
• 讖緯 / 谶纬 (chènwěi)
• 讖記 / 谶记
• 讖語 / 谶语 (chènyǔ)
• 讖語餅 / 谶语饼

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (讖):

• → Vietnamese: sấm (讖)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 讖 – see 懺 (“to repent; to confess on account of repentance”). (This character is a variant form of 懺).

Compounds

• 讖悔 / 谶悔 (chànhuǐ)

 

References

• “讖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “谶”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 29.

Japanese

Kanji

讖

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. a revealing omen

Readings

• Go-on: しん (shin)^{←しむ (simu, historical)}
• Kan-on: しん (shin)^{←しむ (simu, historical)}
• Kun: しるし (shirushi, 讖)、おみくじ (omikuji, 讖)

Compounds

• 讖(しん)緯(い) (shin'i)
• 讖(しん)言(げん) (shingen)
• 讖(しん)語(ご) (shingo)
• 讖(しん)書(しょ) (shinsho)
• 讖(しん)文(ぶん) (shinbun), 讖(しん)文(もん) (shinmon)
• 図(と)讖(しん) (toshin)
• 符(ふ)讖(しん) (fushin)

Korean

Hanja

讖 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

讖: Hán Việt readings: sấm

Noun

讖 • (sấm)

1. chữ Hán form of sấm (“prophecy”).