螵蛸

Chinese

			octopus
trad. (螵蛸)		螵	蛸
simp. #(螵蛸)		螵	蛸
alternative forms		蜱蛸

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): piāoxiāo

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄠ ㄒㄧㄠ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: piāoxiāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄠ ㄒㄧㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: piaosiao
    • Wade–Giles: pʻiao¹-hsiao¹
    • Yale: pyāu-syāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: piaushiau
    • Palladius: пяосяо (pjaosjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: bjiew|phjiew sjew

Rime
Character	螵	螵	蛸
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	滂 (2)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)	宵 (91)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	符霄切	撫招切	相邀切
Baxter	bjiew	phjiew	sjew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/biᴇu/	/pʰiᴇu/	/siᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/biɛu/	/pʰiɛu/	/siɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/bjæu/	/pʰjæu/	/sjæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/biaw/	/pʰiaw/	/siaw/
Li Rong	/biɛu/	/pʰiɛu/	/siɛu/
Wang Li	/bĭɛu/	/pʰĭɛu/	/sĭɛu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ɛu/	/pʰi̯ɛu/	/si̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	piáo	piāo	xiāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	piu4	piu1	siu1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*bew|pʰew  sew/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	螵	螵	蛸
Reading #	2/2	1/2	2/2
No.	9782	9754	13746
Phonetic component	票	票	肖
Rime group	宵	宵	宵
Rime subdivision	2	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	瓢	爂	宵
Old Chinese	/*bew/	/*pʰew/	/*sew/

Noun

螵蛸

1. egg-case of the praying mantis
2. (literary) Short for 海螵蛸 (hǎipiāoxiāo, “cuttlebone”).

Synonyms

• (cuttlebone): 海螵蛸 (hǎipiāoxiāo), 烏賊骨／乌贼骨 (wūzéigǔ); (Hokkien) 墨賊船／墨贼船

Derived terms

• 桑螵蛸 (sāngpiāoxiāo)
• 海螵蛸 (hǎipiāoxiāo)

 

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
螵	蛸
おおじがふぐり
Hyōgai	Hyōgai
jukujikun

Compound of 祖父 (ōji, “grandad, old man”) +‎ が (ga, “-'s”, Old Japanese possessive particle) +‎ 陰嚢 (fuguri, “scrotum”), presumably from a vague visual similarity. The spelling is from Middle Chinese. First cited in the 本草和名 (Honzō Wamyō, “Japanese Names of Medicinal Plants”), the oldest surviving medical work in Japanese.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) おおじがふぐり [òójígáfúꜜgùrì] (Nakadaka – [5])
• IPA^(key): [o̞ːʑiɡa̠ɸɯ̟ɡɯ̟ɾʲi]

Noun

螵蛸(おおじがふぐり) • (ōjigafuguri) ^{←おぽぢがふぐり (opodigafuguri)?}

1. [from 918] a mantis egg case

   Synonyms: (egg case in general) 卵塊 (rankai), 卵鞘 (ranshō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
螵	蛸
ひょう Hyōgai	しょう Hyōgai
on'yomi

Might be from Middle Chinese 螵蛸 (MC phjiew sjew), or might instead be a relatively recent borrowing from written Chinese 螵蛸 (piāoxiāo). This hyōshō pronunciation is not listed in dictionaries consulted to date, and online searches of the Japanese web suggest that this pronunciation might be limited to Chinese medicine contexts.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ço̞ːɕo̞ː]

Noun

螵(ひょう)蛸(しょう) • (hyōshō) ^{←へうせう (feuseu)?}

1. [date uncertain] (traditional Chinese medicine) a mantis egg case