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組織

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 组织

Chinese

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to form; compose; make up
to form; compose; make up; group; to organize; cord
 
 weave
trad. (組織) 組 織
simp. (组织) 组 织

Etymology

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Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 組(そ)織(しき) (soshiki), which was in turn a semantic readaptation of Chinese 組織／组织 (zǔzhī).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 組 織
Reading # 1/1 2/2
Initial (聲) 精 (13) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 模 (23) 職 (134)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 則古切 之翼切
Baxter tsuX tsyik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡suoX/ /t͡ɕɨk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡suoX/ /t͡ɕɨk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡soX/ /t͡ɕiek̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sɔX/ /cik̚/
Li
Rong 		/t͡soX/ /t͡ɕiək̚/
Wang
Li 		/t͡suX/ /t͡ɕĭək̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡suoX/ /t͡ɕi̯ək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zǔ zhi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zou2 zik1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 織
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyik ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tək/
English weave (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 組 織
Reading # 1/1 2/2
No. 10399 17251
Phonetic
component 		且 戠
Rime
group 		魚 職
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		祖 職
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsaːʔ/ /*tjɯɡ/

Verb

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組織

  1. to organize; to arrange
    組織活動／组织活动  ―  zǔzhī huódòng  ―  to organize activities
  2. (Classical) to spin and weave fabric
  3. (Classical) to compose poetry

Synonyms

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  • (to organize):

Noun

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組織

  1. organization (group of people with a purpose) (Classifier: 個／个 m)
    正規組織／正规组织  ―  zhèngguī zǔzhī  ―  formal organization
    基層黨組織／基层党组织  ―  jīcéng dǎng zǔzhī  ―  grass-roots party organization
    建立研究組織／建立研究组织  ―  jiànlì yánjiū zǔzhī  ―  to establish a research organization
    該組織已經出臺了相關的指導文件。 [MSC, trad.]
    该组织已经出台了相关的指导文件。 [MSC, simp.]
    Gāi zǔzhī yǐjīng chūtái le xiāngguān de zhǐdǎo wénjiàn. [Pinyin]
    The organization has issued relevant guidelines.
  2. (biology) tissue (Classifier: 個／个 m)
    淋巴組織／淋巴组织  ―  línbā zǔzhī  ―  lymphatic tissue
    疤痕組織／疤痕组织  ―  bāhén zǔzhī  ―  scar tissue

Derived terms

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term
組 織
そ
Grade: 2 		しき
Grade: 5
kan'on goon

Etymology

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Middle Chinese 組織 (t͡suoX t͡ɕɨk̚, “to weave threads together; to form from smaller components”)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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組(そ)織(しき) • (soshiki) 

  1. organization (a group of people with a purpose)
  2. system (a group of people)
  3. (biology) tissue (a group of similar cells that function together to do a specific job)

Derived terms

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Verb

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組(そ)織(しき)する • (soshiki suru) suru (stem 組(そ)織(しき)し (soshiki shi), past 組(そ)織(しき)した (soshiki shita))

  1. to organize something
    • 2011, Barack Obama, 中東と北アフリカに関するバラク・オバマの演説, translation of "Remarks by the President on the Middle East and North Africa":
      反政府勢力(はんせいふせいりょく)は、適法(てきほう)かつ信頼(しんらい)に足(た)る暫定評議会(ざんていひょうぎかい)を組織(そしき)した。
      Hanseifu seiryoku wa, tekihō katsu shinrai ni taru zantei hyōgikai o soshiki shita.
      The opposition has organized a legitimate and credible Interim Council.

Conjugation

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Conjugation of "組織する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 組織し そしきし soshiki shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 組織し そしきし soshiki shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 組織する そしきする soshiki suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 組織する そしきする soshiki suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 組織すれ そしきすれ soshiki sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 組織せよ¹
組織しろ² 		そしきせよ¹
そしきしろ² 		soshiki seyo¹
soshiki shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 組織される そしきされる soshiki sareru
Causative 組織させる
組織さす 		そしきさせる
そしきさす 		soshiki saseru
soshiki sasu
Potential 組織できる そしきできる soshiki dekiru
Volitional 組織しよう そしきしよう soshiki shiyō
Negative 組織しない そしきしない soshiki shinai
Negative continuative 組織せず そしきせず soshiki sezu
Formal 組織します そしきします soshiki shimasu
Perfective 組織した そしきした soshiki shita
Conjunctive 組織して そしきして soshiki shite
Hypothetical conditional 組織すれば そしきすれば soshiki sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Descendants

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  • → Chinese: 組織 / 组织 (zǔzhī)
  • → Korean: 조직 (jojik)
  • → Vietnamese: tổ chức

References

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  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja in this term
組織

Noun

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組織 • (jojik) (hangeul 조직)

  1. hanja form? of 조직 (“organization (a group of people with a purpose)”)

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term
組織

Noun

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組織

  1. chữ Hán form of tổ chức (“organization((a group of people with a purpose))”).

Verb

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組織

  1. chữ Hán form of tổ chức (“to organize”).
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