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紅葉

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 红叶

Chinese

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red; revolutionary; prosperity
red; revolutionary; prosperity; bonus; popular
 
leaf; page
trad. (紅葉)
simp. (红叶)

Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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紅葉

  1. red autumnal leaves
    香山紅葉香山红叶  ―  xiāngshān hóngyè  ―  the red autumnal leaves of Fragrant Hills
  2. (Xi'an Mandarin, Chengdu Sichuanese) matchmaker
Synonyms
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  • (red autumnal leaves): (Hokkien) 紅箬红箬
  • (matchmaker):
Descendants
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Sino-Xenic (紅葉):
  • Japanese: 紅葉(こうよう) (kōyō)
  • Korean: 홍엽(紅葉) (hong'yeop)

Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see 紅箬 (“red autumnal leaves”).
(This term is a variant form of 紅箬).

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
紅葉 (momiji, kōyō): colored (in this case, reddened) autumn leaves
Kanji in this term
もみじ
Grade: 6 Grade: 3
jukujikun
Alternative spellings
黄葉
(Japanese maple)
(Japanese maple)
(Japanese maple)

⟨momi1ti⟩ → */momʲiti//momʲidi//momid͡ʑi//momiʑi/

Shift from Old Japanese 紅葉 (momi1ti → momichi).[1]

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of classical verb 紅葉づ (momizu, to turn, change color; said of leaves).[1][2]

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 紅葉 / 红叶 (hóngyè), see kōyō below.

Pronunciation

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  • (Tokyo) みじ [móꜜmìjì] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
  • IPA(key): [mo̞mʲiʑi]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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紅葉(もみじ) or 紅葉(モミジ) (momijiもみぢ (momidi) or モミヂ (momidi)?

  1. the turning (coloring) of leaves, especially in autumn
  2. the colored leaves themselves
  3. , , : Short for 以呂波紅葉 (iroha momiji): the Japanese maple, Acer palmatum
  4. Short for 紅葉襲 (momiji-gasane): a style of layering garments with crimson on the front and blue (or dark red) on the back
  5. (colloquial) venison, deer meat
    Synonym: 鹿肉 (shika-niku)
  6. a 家紋 (kamon, family crest) with various designs of autumn leaves or the Japanese maple
    Synonym: (kaede)
  7. (card games) the suit of autumn leaves (or the Japanese maple) in a hanafuda deck, representing the month of October
    Hyponyms: 紅葉に青短 (momiji ni aotan), 紅葉に鹿 (momiji ni shika)
    Coordinate terms: , , , , 菖蒲, 牡丹, , , , 紅葉, ,
Derived terms
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Idioms
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Proverbs
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Coordinate terms
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Verb

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紅葉(もみじ)する (momiji suruもみぢ (momidi)?suru (stem 紅葉(もみじ) (momiji shi), past 紅葉(もみじ)した (momiji shita))

  1. (of leaves) to turn (change color), especially during autumn
Conjugation
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Proper noun

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紅葉(もみじ) (Momijiもみぢ (Momidi)?

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    (あき)(ゆう)()()(やま)紅葉(もみじ)()いも(うす)いも(かず)ある(なか)に、(まつ)(いろど)(かえで)(つた)は、(やま)のふもとの(すそ)模様(もよう)
    aki no yūhi ni teru yama momiji, koi mo usui mo kazu aru naka ni, matsu o irodoru kaede ya tsuta wa, yama no fumoto no suso-moyō
    (please add an English translation of this example)
  2. a surname
  3. a female given name

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
もみじ
Grade: 6
は > ば
Grade: 3
irregular kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
黄葉
紅葉葉 (rare)

Shift from Old Japanese 紅葉 (momi1tiba → momichiba).[1]

Can be parsed as a compound of 紅葉ぢ (momiji, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of classical verb 紅葉づ (momizu), “to turn in autumn, said of leaves) +‎ (ha, leaf). The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(もみじ)() (momijibaもみぢば (momidiba)?

  1. turned (colored) autumn leaves
    • 1086, Goshūi Wakashū (book 5, poem 366; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 69)
      (あらし)()()()(やま)もみぢ()(たつ)()(かは)(にしき)なりけり
      arashi fuku Mimuro-no-yama no momijiba wa Tatsuta-no-kawa no nishiki narikeri
      The sweeping stormy winds from Mount Mimuro weaves adorning Tatsuta river with a brocade of crimson leaves.[4]
  2. the leaves of the Japanese maple (Acer palmatum)
Usage notes
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For emphasis, the initial momiji is usually written in kana alone, as もみじ葉 (​momijiba).

Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
こう
Grade: 6
よう
Grade: 3
kan'on
Alternative spelling
黄葉

/kou jepu//koːjefu//koːjeu//koːjoː/

From Middle Chinese compound 紅葉 (MC huwng yep, literally “crimson, red + leaf”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(こう)(よう) (kōyōこうえふ (kouefu)?

  1. the turning (coloring) of leaves, especially in autumn
  2. the colored leaves themselves
    • 1999 August 26, “(こう)(よう)(じょ)(おう) [Queen of Autumn Leaves]”, in BOOSTER 4, Konami:
      (あざ)やかな(こう)(よう)(かこ)まれて()らす、(りょく)(じゅ)(れい)(おう)のお()
      Azayaka na kōyō ni kakomarete kurasu, Ryokuju no Reiō no ohi.
      The consort of the Spirit King of Greenery, living within vibrant autumn leaves.
Derived terms
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Idioms
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Verb

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(こう)(よう)する (kōyō suruこうえふ (kouefu)?suru (stem (こう)(よう) (kōyō shi), past (こう)(よう)した (kōyō shita))

  1. (of leaves) to turn (change color), especially during autumn
Conjugation
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Proper noun

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(こう)(よう) (Kōyōこうえふ (Kouefu)?

  1. a female given name

Etymology 4

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Other various nanori readings.

Proper noun

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紅葉(あかは) or 紅葉(あけは) or 紅葉(あげは) or 紅葉(いろは) or 紅葉(かえで) or 紅葉(くれは) or 紅葉(べには) or 紅葉(もみ) or 紅葉(もよ) (Akaha or Akeha or Ageha or Iroha or Kaede or Kureha or Beniha or Momi or Moyo

  1. a female given name

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Janet Emily Goff (2014) Noh Drama and "The Tale of the Genji": The Art of Allusion in Fifteen Classical Plays (Princeton Legacy Library), annotated edition, Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 263
  4. ^ Sagnik Bhattacharya (2015) A Hundred Autumn Leaves: The Ogura Hyakunin Isshu: Translated and Annotated, Partridge Publishing, →ISBN
  5. ^ Sasaki Sanmi, Shaun McCabe, Iwasaki Satoko (2011) Chado the Way of Tea: A Japanese Tea Master's Almanac, Tuttle Publishing, →ISBN, page 564

Old Japanese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of verb 紅葉つ (momi1tu, to turn in autumn, said of leaves).

Possibly cognate with verb 燃ゆ (mo1yu, to burn).

Noun

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紅葉 (momi1ti) (kana もみち)

  1. the turning of leaves in autumn
  2. the turned autumn leaves themselves
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 10, poem 2201:
      , text here
      妹許跡馬鞍置而射駒山撃越來者紅葉散筒
      imogari to2 uma ni kura oki1te Iko1ma-yama utiko1yekureba momi1ti tiritutu
      Saddling my horse, I cross Ikoma's hill, where already the autumn leaves lie ruddy on the ground.[1]
  3. the Japanese maple, Acer palmatum
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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Compound of 紅葉ち (momi1ti, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of verb 紅葉つ (momi1tu), “to turn in autumn, said of leaves) +‎ (pa, leaf).

The pa changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Noun

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紅葉 (momi1tiba) (kana もみちば)

  1. turned autumn leaves
  2. the leaves of the Japanese maple (Acer palmatum)
Derived terms
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Descendants
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References

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  1. ^ Frederick Victor Dickins (1908) The Makura-kotoba of Primitive Japanese Verse (Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan)‎[1], Yushodo Booksellers, page 34