粞

粞	U+7C9E, 粞 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7C9E

Translingual

Han character

粞 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 火木一金田 (FDMCW), four-corner 9196₃, composition ⿰米西)

Derived characters

𥴅, 𪟱

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 908, character 13
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26921
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3147, character 1
Unihan data for U+7C9E

Chinese

trad.		粞
simp. ^#		粞
alternative forms		𱹊 Eastern Min 𥻥 Hokkien 𬖴 Hokkien 𥽕 Hokkien

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (西) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
粞	sɯːl, sɯːl
洒	sraːls, sɯːlʔ
西	*sɯːl
卤	*sɯːl
卥	*sɯːl
栖	sɯːl, sɯːls
茜	*sʰɯːns
哂	*hjɯnʔ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xī, sāi (xi¹, sai¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ, ㄙㄞ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sai¹
Northern Min (KCR): cha̿i
Eastern Min (BUC): chá̤
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): se¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhòe / chhè

(Teochew, Peng'im): coi³

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): coi³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xī
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: si
  - Wade–Giles: hsi¹
  - Yale: syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sāi
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄞ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sai
  - Wade–Giles: sai¹
  - Yale: sāi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sai
  - Palladius: сай (saj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /saɪ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sai¹
  - Yale: sāi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sai¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sei¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯⁵⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cha̿i
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰai³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chá̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑ²¹³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: se¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬe⁵³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhòe
  - Tâi-lô: tshuè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhoex
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰue⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰue²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰue¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhè
  - Tâi-lô: tshè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhex
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰe²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: coi³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshòi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰoi²¹³/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: coi³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɔi²¹/

Middle Chinese: sej, soj

Rime
Character	粞	粞
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	I
Fanqie	先稽切	蘇來切
Baxter	sej	soj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sei/	/sʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/sei/	/səi/
Shao Rongfen	/sɛi/	/sɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛj/	/səj/
Li Rong	/sei/	/sᴀi/
Wang Li	/siei/	/sɒi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/siei/	/sɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xī	sāi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sai¹	soi¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sɯːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	粞	粞
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13234	13240
Phonetic component	西	西
Rime group	微	微
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	鰓	西
Old Chinese	/*sɯːl/	/*sɯːl/

Definitions

粞

(literary) crushed rice; broken rice
(dialectal) rice husk
(Min) rice flour; rice dough (made from grinding glutinous rice and with water squeezed out, used to make rice delicacies)

Synonyms

(rice dough): (Hokkien) 米粞, 粿粞

Compounds

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “粞”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 251.

Japanese

Kanji

粞

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): せい (sei)、さい (sai)
Kun: こごめ (kogome)