杲杲

See also: 杳杳

Chinese

		high; sun shines brightly; to shine	high; sun shines brightly; to shine
trad. (杲杲)		杲	杲
simp. #(杲杲)		杲	杲

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gǎogǎo

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄠˇ ㄍㄠˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gou² gou²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gǎogǎo [Phonetic: gáogǎo]
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄠˇ ㄍㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gǎogǎo
    • Wade–Giles: kao³-kao³
    • Yale: gǎu-gǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaogao
    • Palladius: гаогао (gaogao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gou² gou²
    • Yale: góu góu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gou² gou²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gou² gou²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kou̯³⁵ kou̯³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: kawX kawX

Rime
Character	杲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古老切
Baxter	kawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑuX/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑuX/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kawX/
Li Rong	/kɑuX/
Wang Li	/kɑuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɑuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gou2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kaːwʔ  kaːwʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	杲
Reading #	1/1
No.	3797
Phonetic component	杲
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	暠
Old Chinese	/*kaːwʔ/

Adjective

杲杲

1. (literary, ideophonic, of the sun) bright

   • 其雨其雨，杲杲出日。願言思伯，甘心首疾。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     其雨其雨，杲杲出日。愿言思伯，甘心首疾。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Qí yǔ qí yǔ, gǎogǎo chū rì. Yuàn yán sī bó, gān xīn shǒu jí. [Pinyin]

     O for rain! O for rain!
     But brightly the sun comes forth.
     Longingly I think of my husband,
     Till my heart is weary, and my head aches.

   • 但迎杲杲初生日，莫補蒼蒼已死天。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     但迎杲杲初生日，莫补苍苍已死天。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: c. 1961, Nie Gannu, Poem written as preface to The Song of Youth (《題〈青春之歌〉》)

     Dàn yíng gǎogǎo chūshēng rì, mò bǔ cāngcāng yǐ sǐ tiān. [Pinyin]

     May we welcome the splendid newborn sun
     and cease repairing a vast dead heaven.