改悔

Chinese

		to change; to alter; to transform to change; to alter; to transform; to correct	regret
simp. and trad. (改悔)		改	悔
anagram		悔改

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gǎihuǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄞˇ ㄏㄨㄟˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): goi² fui³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gǎihuǐ [Phonetic: gáihuǐ]
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄞˇ ㄏㄨㄟˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gǎihuěi
    • Wade–Giles: kai³-hui³
    • Yale: gǎi-hwěi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaehoei
    • Palladius: гайхуэй (gajxuej)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: goi² fui³
    • Yale: gói fui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: goi² fui³
    • Guangdong Romanization: goi² fui³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːi̯³⁵ fuːi̯³³/

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• Middle Chinese: kojX xwojX|xwojH

Rime
Character	改	悔	悔
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	曉 (32)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	灰 (42)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	古亥切	呼罪切	荒内切
Baxter	kojX	xwojX	xwojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʌiX/	/huʌiX/	/huʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/kəiX/	/huoiX/	/huoiH/
Shao Rongfen	/kɒiX/	/xuɒiX/	/xuɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəjX/	/hwəjX/	/hwəjH/
Li Rong	/kᴀiX/	/xuᴀiX/	/xuᴀiH/
Wang Li	/kɒiX/	/xuɒiX/	/xuɒiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɑ̆iX/	/xuɑ̆iX/	/xuɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gǎi	huǐ	huì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	goi2	fui2	fui3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.qˤəʔ  m̥ˤəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*klɯːʔ  hmɯːʔ|hmɯːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	改	悔
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gǎi	huǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ kojX ›	‹ xwojX ›
Old Chinese	/*C.qˁəʔ/	/*m̥ˁəʔ/
English	change (v.)	regret, repent
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	改	悔	悔
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
No.	5763	9318	9319
Phonetic component	己	母	母
Rime group	之	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	改	賄
Old Chinese	/*klɯːʔ/	/*hmɯːʔ/	/*hmɯːs/

Verb

改悔

1. to repent and mend one's ways

   • 太子遲之，疑其有改悔。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     太子迟之，疑其有改悔。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhanguo Ce, circa 5^th – 3^rd centuries BCE

     Tàizǐ chí zhī, yí qí yǒu gǎihuǐ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

• 悔改 (huǐgǎi)

See also

• 悔恨 (huǐhèn)
• 悔悟 (huǐwù)
• 悔過／悔过 (huǐguò)