山羊

Chinese

		mountain; hill	caprid
simp. and trad. (山羊)		山	羊

Etymology

Compound of 山 (shān, “mountain”) +‎ 羊 (yáng, “caprid: goat, antelope, sheep”).

The sense "buck; vaulting horse" is a calque of Russian козел (kozel).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shānyáng

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢ ㄧㄤˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): saan¹ joeng⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): san¹ yiang³

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sân-yòng
• Northern Min (KCR): suíng-iông
• Eastern Min (BUC): săng-iòng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): soaⁿ-iûⁿ / soaⁿ-iôⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): suan¹ iên⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹se-yan

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shānyáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄢ ㄧㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shanyáng
    • Wade–Giles: shan¹-yang²
    • Yale: shān-yáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shanyang
    • Palladius: шаньян (šanʹjan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 山羊 山陽 / 山阳

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: saan¹ joeng⁴
    • Yale: sāan yèuhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saan¹ joeng⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: san¹ yêng⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 山羊 山陽 / 山阳

  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: san¹ yiang³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /san³³ jiaŋ²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sân-yòng
    • Hakka Romanization System: san^ˊ iong^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: san¹ yong²
    • Sinological IPA: /san²⁴ i̯oŋ¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sân-yòng
    • Hakka Romanization System: san^ˊ (r)iong^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: san¹ yong²
    • Sinological IPA: /san²⁴ (j)i̯oŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: suíng-iông
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suiŋ⁵⁴ iɔŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: săng-iòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saŋ⁵⁵ ^(Ø-)ŋyoŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soaⁿ-iûⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: suann-iûnn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: svoa'viuu
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /suã⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /suã³³ iũ²⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /suã⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /suã⁴⁴⁻²² iũ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soaⁿ-iôⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: suann-iônn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: svoa'viooi
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /suã⁴⁴⁻²² iɔ̃¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: suan¹ iên⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suaⁿ iêⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sũã³³⁻²³ ĩẽ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹se-yan
    • MiniDict: se^平 yan
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹se-hhian
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /se⁵⁵ ɦiã²¹/

Noun

山羊

1. goat (animal) (Classifier: 隻／只)
2. (Mainland China) buck; vaulting horse

Synonyms

• (goat): 羊 (yáng); (Jin) 骨纞兒／骨纞儿; (Hokkien) 羊管

Derived terms

• 北山羊 (běishānyáng)
• 山羊座 (Shānyángzuò)
• 山羊絨 / 山羊绒 (shānyángróng)
• 山羊角 (shānyángjiǎo)
• 山羊鬍子 / 山羊胡子 (shānyáng húzi)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
山	羊
やぎ
Grade: 1	Grade: 3
jukujikun

Alternative spelling
野羊 (less common)

山羊・野羊 (yagi): a goat.

Etymology

Ultimate derivation unclear. Theories include:

• Shift from 野牛 (yagyū, “wild cattle”), from a vague resemblance between the two creatures.
• From Middle Chinese 羊 (MC yang) + い (i, possible epenthesis; see also development of 銭 (zeni) from older sen), with resultant /jiaŋi/ realizing in Japanese phonology as yagi.

Might only be attested in Japanese since 1523.

The kanji spellings, either 山 (“mountain”) + 羊 (“sheep”) or 野 (“field; wild”) + 羊 (“sheep”), are examples of jukujikun (熟字訓).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) やぎ [yáꜜgì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ja̠ɡʲi]

Noun

山羊(やぎ) or 山羊(ヤギ) • (yagi) 

1. [from 1523?] a goat (animal)
   • 2000 April 20, “深(ふか)き森(もり)の長老(ちょうろう) (fukaki mori no chōrō) [Elder of the Deep Woods]”, in Magic Ruler －魔法の支配者－, Konami:

     昔(むかし)から森(もり)に住(す)んでいる白(しろ)ヤギ。真(しん)の姿(すがた)は森(もり)の長(ちょう)老(ろう)。

     Mukashi kara mori ni sundeiru shiroyagi. Shin no sugata wa Mori no Chōrō.

     A white goat who has dwelt in the woods since ancient times. Its true visage is as an Elder of the Woods.

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ヤギ.

Derived terms

• 山羊座(やぎざ) (yagiza)
• 山羊麦(やぎむぎ) (yagimugi)

Further reading

• Entry at Nihon Jiten (in Japanese)

Korean

Hanja in this term
山	羊

Noun

山羊 • (sanyang) (hangeul 산양)

1. hanja form^? of 산양 (“long-tailed goral”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
山	羊

Noun

山羊

1. chữ Hán form of sơn dương (“serow”).