孤兒

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See also: 孤儿 and 孤児

Chinese

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lone; lonely son; child; diminutive suffix
trad. (孤兒) 孤 兒
simp. (孤儿) 孤 儿

Pronunciation

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Note: gu1 ri5 - Chiang Mai, Hat Yai.
Rime
Character 孤 兒
Reading # 1/1 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 模 (23) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 古胡切 汝移切
Baxter ku nye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kuo/ /ȵiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kuo/ /ȵiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ko/ /ȵʑjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kɔ/ /ȵiə̆/
Li
Rong 		/ko/ /ȵie/
Wang
Li 		/ku/ /ȵʑǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kuo/ /ȵʑie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		gū ér
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gu1 ji4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 孤 兒
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		gū ér
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ku › ‹ nye ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kʷˁa/ /*ŋe/
English orphan child

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 孤 兒
Reading # 1/1 2/2
No. 4347 2757
Phonetic
component 		瓜 兒
Rime
group 		魚 支
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		孤 兒
Old
Chinese 		/*kʷaː/ /*ŋje/

Noun

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孤兒

  1. orphan (a minor, both of whose parents have died)
  2. orphan (a minor whose father has died)
    孤兒寡母／孤儿寡母  ―  gū'ér guǎmǔ  ―  fatherless child and widowed mother

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 孤兒 (“orphan”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 孤兒, 遺孤
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 孤兒, 遺孤
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 孤兒
Taiwan 孤兒
Chengde 孤兒
Chifeng 孤兒
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 孤兒
Heihe 孤兒
Qiqihar 孤兒
Harbin 孤兒
Jiamusi 孤兒
Baicheng 孤兒
Changchun 孤兒
Tonghua 孤兒
Shenyang 孤兒
Jinzhou 孤兒
Singapore 孤兒
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 孤兒
Tangshan 孤兒, 業障疙瘩
Cangzhou 孤兒
Baoding 孤兒
Shijiazhuang 孤兒
Lijin 孤兒
Jinan 孤兒
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 孤兒
Dandong 孤兒
Yantai 孤兒
Qingdao 孤兒
Zhucheng 孤兒
Central Plains Mandarin Lingbao 孤兒
Jining 孤兒
Linfen 孤兒
Shangqiu 孤兒
Yuanyang 孤兒
Zhengzhou 孤兒, 沒娘孩兒
Xinyang 孤兒
Baihe 孤兒
Xi'an 孤兒
Baoji 孤兒
Tianshui 孤兒
Xining 孤兒, 耶提目 Islam
Xuzhou 孤兒
Fuyang 孤兒
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 沒達達媽媽的, 耶提目兒, 耶提目
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 孤兒, 耶梯目
Lanzhou 孤兒
Dunhuang 沒娘娃
Hami 孤兒
Ürümqi 孤兒
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 孤兒
Nanchong 孤兒
Dazhou 孤兒
Hanyuan 孤兒
Xichang 孤兒
Zigong 孤兒
Chongqing 孤兒
Wuhan 孤兒
Yichang 孤兒
Xiangyang 孤兒
Tianmen 孤兒
Guiyang 孤兒, 寡崽
Zunyi 孤兒
Bijie 孤兒
Liping 孤兒
Zhaotong 孤兒
Dali 孤兒
Kunming 孤兒
Mengzi 孤兒
Guilin 孤兒
Liuzhou 孤兒
Jishou 孤兒
Changde 孤兒
Hanzhong 孤兒
Dagudi (Maliba) 孤兒
Reshuitang (Longling) 孤兒
Mae Salong (Lancang) 孤兒
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 孤兒
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 孤兒
Yangzhou 孤兒
Lianyungang 孤兒
Lianshui 孤兒
Nantong 孤兒
Anqing 孤兒
Wuhu 孤兒
Hefei 孤兒
Hong'an 孤兒
Cantonese Hong Kong 孤兒, 孤兒仔
Hepu (Shatian) 孤兒
Beihai 孤寒仔, 孤兒
Beihai (Nankang) 孤兒
Beihai (Yingpan) 孤寒仔
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 孤兒仔
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 孤兒仔
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 孤兒
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 孤兒
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 孤兒
Móng Cái 孤兒
Gan Nanchang 孤兒
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 孤兒
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 孤兒
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 孤兒
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 孤兒
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 孤兒
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 孤兒
Senai (Huiyang) 孤兒
Huizhou Shexian 孤兒
Jin Taiyuan 孤兒
Yangyuan 孤兒
Datong 孤兒
Xinzhou 孤子
Lüliang (Lishi) 孤兒
Changzhi 孤兒
Linhe 孤兒, 沒娘娃娃
Jining 孤兒
Hohhot 孤兒
Erenhot 孤兒
Pingshan 孤兒
Zhangjiakou 孤兒
Handan 孤兒
Linzhou 孤兒
Suide 孤兒, 沒娘娃娃
Eastern Min Fuzhou 無奶囝
Southern Min Xiamen 孤兒
Tainan 孤兒
Bangkok (Teochew) 孤兒
Chiang Mai (Teochew) 孤兒, 蕩兒
Hat Yai (Teochew) 孤兒
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 孤兒
Wu Suzhou 孤兒
Xiang Changsha 孤兒
Xiangxiang 孤兒

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (孤兒):
  • → Japanese: 孤(こ)児(じ) (koji)
  • → Korean: 고아(孤兒) (goa)
  • → Vietnamese: cô nhi (孤兒)

Japanese

[edit]
Kanji in this term
孤 兒
こ
Grade: S 		じ
Jinmeiyō
on'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 孤兒 – see the following entry.
【孤児こじ】
[noun] an orphan
【孤児みなしご】
[noun] an orphan
Alternative spellings
みなし児, 身無し子
(This term, 孤兒, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

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Hanja in this term
孤兒

Noun

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孤兒 • (goa) (hangeul 고아)

  1. hanja form? of 고아 (“orphan”)

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term
孤兒

Noun

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孤兒

  1. chữ Hán form of cô nhi (“orphan”).
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