中國人

Chinese

		middle country; central country; China	man; person; people
trad. (中國人)		中國	人
simp. (中国人)		中国	人
alternative forms		中國儂／中国侬 coastal Min

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): Zhōngguórén

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄖㄣˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җунгуйжын (žunguyřɨn, I-II-I) / җунгуәжын (žunguəřɨn, I-II-I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zung¹ gwok³ jan⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zuung¹ gok² ngin³

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Chûng-koet-ngìn
• Eastern Min (BUC): Dṳ̆ng-guók-nè̤ng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Tiong-kok-lâng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dong¹ gog⁴ nang⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tson-koq-gnin

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Zhōngguórén
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄖㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Jhongguórén
    • Wade–Giles: Chung¹-kuo²-jên²
    • Yale: Jūng-gwó-rén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jonggworen
    • Palladius: Чжунгожэнь (Čžungožɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵ ʐən³⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җунгуйжын (žunguyřɨn, I-II-I) / җунгуәжын (žunguəřɨn, I-II-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴ kuei⁵¹ ʐəŋ²⁴/, /ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴ kuə⁵¹ ʐəŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zung¹ gwok³ jan⁴
    • Yale: jūng gwok yàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹ gwok⁸ jan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung¹ guog³ yen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³ jɐn²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zuung¹ gok² ngin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵŋ³³ kɔk̚⁵⁵ ᵑɡin²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Chûng-koet-ngìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: zung^ˊ gued^ˋ ngin^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zung¹ gued⁵ ngin²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴ ku̯et̚² ŋin¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Dṳ̆ng-guók-nè̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tyŋ⁵⁵⁻²¹ ^(k-)ŋuoʔ²⁴⁻²¹ nˡøyŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiong-kok-lâng
    • Tâi-lô: Tiong-kok-lâng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diongkoklaang
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ laŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ³³ kɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ laŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²⁻⁵ laŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ laŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ laŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: dong¹ gog⁴ nang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tong kok nâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /toŋ³³⁻²³ kok̚²⁻⁴ naŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tson-koq-gnin
    • MiniDict: tson^平 koh nyin
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tson-koq-nyin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soŋ⁵⁵ koʔ³³ n̠ʲin²¹/

Noun

中國人

1. Chinese person; Chinese people; the Chinese (Classifier: 個／个 m c)

   外國人能做到，難道中國人就做不到嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
   外国人能做到，难道中国人就做不到吗？ [MSC, simp.]

   Wàiguórén néng zuò dào, nándào Zhōngguórén jiù zuòbudào ma? [Pinyin]

   Foreigners can do it; can't the Chinese people do it?

   雖然我的閱讀水平很好，但是跟中國人講話有點困難。 [MSC, trad.]
   虽然我的阅读水平很好，但是跟中国人讲话有点困难。 [MSC, simp.]

   Suīrán wǒ de yuèdú shuǐpíng hěn hǎo, dànshì gēn zhōngguórén jiǎnghuà yǒudiǎn kùnnán. [Pinyin]

   Although my reading skills are very good, I have some difficulty conversing with Chinese people.

   中國人發明了指南針、火藥、造紙和印刷術，叫做中國四大發明。 [MSC, trad.]
   中国人发明了指南针、火药、造纸和印刷术，叫做中国四大发明。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhōngguórén fāmíng le zhǐnánzhēn, huǒyào, zàozhǐ hé yìnshuāshù, jiàozuò Zhōngguó Sì Dà Fāmíng. [Pinyin]

   The Chinese invented the compass, gunpowder, papermaking and printing. They are known as the Four Great Chinese Inventions.

Usage notes

• Used to refer to nationality, in particular citizens of the People’s Republic of China regardless of ethnicity
• This identity is rejected by many in Hong Kong and Taiwan, who identify exclusively as 香港人 (Xiānggǎngrén) and 臺灣人 / 台湾人 (táiwānrén) respectively.

Derived terms

• 我是中國人 / 我是中国人 (wǒ shì Zhōngguórén)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (中國人):

• → Japanese: 中(ちゅう)国(ごく)人(じん) (chūgokujin)
• → Korean: 중국인(中國人) (junggugin)

Other:

• → Chinese Pidgin English: Chinaman (calque)
  • → English: Chinaman

Japanese

Kanji in this term
中	國	人
ちゅう Grade: 1	こく > ごく Jinmeiyō	じん Grade: 1
on'yomi

Noun

中(ちゅう)國(ごく)人(じん) • (chūgokujin) 

1. Kyūjitai form of 中国人: Chinese person; Chinese people

Korean

Hanja in this term
中	國	人

Noun

中國人 • (junggugin) (hangeul 중국인)

1. hanja form^? of 중국인 (“Chinese people”)