しゃべる
Appearance
See also: シャベル
Japanese
[edit]Alternative spelling |
---|
喋る |
Etymology
[edit]Unknown.
Possible analyses include:
- Related to しゃぶしゃぶ (shabushabu), itself apparently an onomatopoeia.
- Derived as intensifying prefix しゃ (sha) attaching to a root form related to べりべり (beriberi, “talkatively; a talkative person”), べらべら (berabera, “bubblingly; talkatively”), べろ (bero, “tongue”).
Listed in the Nippo Jisho of 1603.[1] Earliest appearance may be in the early 1300s during the Kamakura period.[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「しゃべる」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
しゃべる | しゃべる | [shàbéꜜrù] |
Imperative (命令形) | しゃべれ | しゃべれ | [shàbéꜜrè] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | しゃべられる | しゃべられる | [shàbéráréꜜrù] |
Causative | しゃべらせる | しゃべらせる | [shàbéráséꜜrù] |
Potential | しゃべれる | しゃべれる | [shàbéréꜜrù] |
Volitional | しゃべろう | しゃべろー | [shàbéróꜜò] |
Negative | しゃべらない | しゃべらない | [shàbéráꜜnàì] |
Negative perfective | しゃべらなかった | しゃべらなかった | [shàbéráꜜnàkàttà] |
Formal | しゃべります | しゃべります | [shàbérímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | しゃべった | しゃべった | [shàbéꜜttà] |
Conjunctive | しゃべって | しゃべって | [shàbéꜜttè] |
Hypothetical conditional | しゃべれば | しゃべれば | [shàbéꜜrèbà] |
Verb
[edit]しゃべる • (shaberu) godan (stem しゃべり (shaberi), past しゃべった (shabetta))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "しゃべる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | しゃべら | shabera | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | しゃべり | shaberi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | しゃべる | shaberu | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | しゃべる | shaberu | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | しゃべれ | shabere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | しゃべれ | shabere | |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | しゃべられる | shaberareru | |
Causative | しゃべらせる しゃべらす |
shaberaseru shaberasu | |
Potential | しゃべれる | shabereru | |
Volitional | しゃべろう | shaberō | |
Negative | しゃべらない | shaberanai | |
Negative continuative | しゃべらず | shaberazu | |
Formal | しゃべります | shaberimasu | |
Perfective | しゃべった | shabetta | |
Conjunctive | しゃべって | shabette | |
Hypothetical conditional | しゃべれば | shabereba |
Synonyms
[edit]- (speak, talk): 話す (hanasu)
Derived terms
[edit]- お喋り (o-shaberi)
References
[edit]- ^ Ishizuka, Harumichi (1976 [1603]) 日葡辞書: パリ本 [Nippo Jisho: Paris edition / Vocabulary of the Language of Japan][1] (overall work in Japanese and Portuguese), Tōkyō: Bensei Publishing, text here, right-hand column.
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN