हा

See also: हाँ and हां

Hindi

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɦɑː/, [ɦäː]

Etymology 1

Of onomatopoeic origin.

Interjection

हा • (hā)

an expression of amusement

Derived terms

हाहा (hāhā)
हाहा-ठीठी (hāhā-ṭhīṭhī)
हाहा-हीही (hāhā-hīhī)
हाहा-हूहू (hāhā-hūhū)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀳𑀸 (hā), from Sanskrit हा (hā), ultimately of onomatopoeic origin.^[1]

Interjection

हा • (hā)

an exclamation of distress, affliction or fear; alas

Noun

हा • (hā) m

sound of distress, affliction, or fear
uproar, tumult

Declension

Declension of हा (masc ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	हा hā	हे he
oblique	हे he	हों hõ
vocative	हे he	हो ho

Derived terms

हा करना (hā karnā)
हा खाना (hā khānā)
हाहा (hāhā)
हाहाकार (hāhākār)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Classical Persian (-hā).

Suffix

हा • (hā)

(poetic) plural marker (used chiefly in ezafe-constructs)
- Brij Narayan Chakbast, रामायण का एक सीन:
  जुंबिश हुई लबों को भरी एक सर्द आह
  ली गोशा-हा-ए-चश्म से अश्कों ने रुख़ की राह
  jumbiś huī labõ ko bharī ek sard āh
  lī gośā-hā-e-caśma se aśkõ ne rux kī rāh
  Heaved a cold sigh unto the lips put into motion
  Tears took the way to face from the corners of eyes.

References

^ Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “हा”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].

Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “हा”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “हा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɦa/
Audio: (file)

Pronoun

हा • (hā)

he (proximal)
हा सुरेश.
hā sureś.
He (proximal) is Suresh.
this
हा खोका खूप मोठा आहे.
hā khokā khūp moṭhā āhe.
This box is very big.

Newar

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ha]

Etymology 1

Noun

हा • (hā) ? (Newa Spelling 𑐴𑐵)

bee

Etymology 2

Noun

हा • (hā) ? (Newa Spelling 𑐴𑐵)

root of a plant, tree, etc.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

হা (Assamese script)
ᬳᬵ (Balinese script)
হা (Bengali script)
𑰮𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀳𑀸 (Brahmi script)
ဟာ (Burmese script)
હા (Gujarati script)
ਹਾ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌹𑌾 (Grantha script)
ꦲꦴ (Javanese script)
𑂯𑂰 (Kaithi script)
ಹಾ (Kannada script)
ហា (Khmer script)
ຫາ (Lao script)
ഹാ (Malayalam script)
ᡥᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
𑘮𑘰 (Modi script)
ᠾᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑧎𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
𑐴𑐵 (Newa script)
ହା (Odia script)
ꢲꢵ (Saurashtra script)
𑆲𑆳 (Sharada script)
𑖮𑖯 (Siddham script)
හා (Sinhalese script)
𑪂𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚩𑚭 (Takri script)
ஹா (Tamil script)
హా (Telugu script)
หา (Thai script)
ཧཱ (Tibetan script)
𑒯𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
𑨱𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɦɑː/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɦɑː/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰaH-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁-. This root is not always easily distinguishable from the one below, and some derived terms of that root are perhaps originally derived from this one.

Root

हा • (hā)

to leave, abandon, desert, quit, forsake, relinquish
to discharge, emit.
to put away, take off, remove, lay aside, give up, renounce, resign, avoid, shun, abstain or refrain from.
to disregard, neglect.
to lose, be deprived of.
to get rid of. escape from.
to cause to emit (with शर्धम्, ‘to cause to break wind’)

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root हा (0 c, 7 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root हा (1 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

जहाति (jáhāti, Present)
हास्यति (hāsyáti, Future)
जहिष्यति (jahiṣyati, Future)
हाता (hātā́, Periphrastic Future)
अहासीत् (áhāsīt, Aorist)
हेयात् (heyāt, Benedictive)
जहौ (jaháu, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

हीयते (hīyáte, Passive)
अहायि (áhāyi, Passive Aorist)
हापयति (hāpáyati, Causative)
अजीहपत् (ájīhapat, Causative Aorist)
जिहासति (jihāsati, Desiderative)
जेहीयते (jehīyate, Intensive)
जाहाति (jāhāti, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

हीन (hīná, Past Participle)
हात (hāta, Past Participle)
जहित (jahitá, Past Participle)
हातुम् (hātum, Infinitive)
हित्वा (hitvā́, Gerund)
हित्वी (hitvī́, Gerund)
हित्वाय (hitvā́ya, Gerund)
हेय (heya, Gerundive)
हातव्य (hātavya, Gerundive)
जिहासु (jihāsu, Desiderative Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

हायक (hāyaka)
हायिन् (hāyin)
हान (hāna)
हानि (hāni)
हापन (hāpana)
जिहासा (jihāsā)
जहक (jahaka)
जहाक (jáhāka)
जहन (jahana)
-ह (-ha)

Prefixed Root Forms

अपहा (apahā)
अवहा (avahā)
परिहा (parihā)
प्रहा (prahā)
विहा (vihā)
संहा (saṃhā)

Etymology 2

From the middle voice of the same Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰeh₁- as the root above. This root is not always easily distinguishable from the one above, and some derived terms of that root are perhaps originally derived from this one.

Root

हा • (hā)

to start or spring forward, bound away, give way to [with dative]
to spring or leap upon
to go or depart or betake one's self to have recourse to [with accusative]
to fall or come into any state

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root हा (0 c, 7 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root हा (1 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

जिहीते (jíhīte, Present)
हास्यते (hāsyáte, Future)
हाता (hātā́, Periphrastic Future)
अहास्त (áhāsta, Aorist)
जहे (jahé, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

हायते (hāyáte, Passive)
अहायि (áhāyi, Passive)
हापयति (hāpáyati, Causative)
अजीहपत् (ájīhapat, Causative)
जिहीषते (jihīṣate, Desiderative)
जाहायते (jāhāyate, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

हान (hāná, Past Participle)
हातुम् (hā́tum, Infinitive)
हात्वा (hātvā́, Gerund)

Etymology 3

Onomatopoeic.

Interjection

हा • (hā)

oh, alas

References

Monier Williams (1899) “हा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1296.
William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 204
Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “hā”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “HĀ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 813-814
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 172-173
Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2011–2024) Addenda und Corrigenda zu LIV²‎^[2], page 25

[1] Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “हा”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].

[1]