जाति
Appearance
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Borrowed from Sanskrit जा॒ति (jātí).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]जाति • (jāti) f (Urdu spelling جاتی)
- birth
- caste; subcaste, community; community placed in at birth
- high caste
- race
- (taxonomy) species
- tribe, nationality, lineage
Declension
[edit]Declension of जाति (fem i-stem)
Derived terms
[edit]- जातिगत (jātigat)
- जातिवाद (jātivād)
- जाति ना पूछो साधु की; पूछ लीजिए ज्ञान (jāti nā pūcho sādhu kī; pūch lījie jñān)
Related terms
[edit]- (Taxonomy) वर्गिकी (vargikī); प्रक्षेत्र (prakṣetra), अधिजगत (adhijgat, “domain”), जगत (jagat, “kingdom”), संघ (saṅgh, “phylum”), वर्ग (varg, “class”), गण (gaṇ, “order”), कुल (kul, “family”), वंश (vañś, “genus”), जाति (jāti, “species”) (Category: hi:Taxonomy)
Nepali
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Borrowed from Sanskrit जा॒ति (jātí).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]जाति • (jāti)
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative scripts
Noun
[edit]जाति f
- Devanagari script form of jāti
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- জাতি (Assamese script)
- ᬚᬵᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
- জাতি (Bengali script)
- 𑰕𑰯𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀚𑀸𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ဇာတိ (Burmese script)
- જાતિ (Gujarati script)
- ਜਾਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌜𑌾𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦗꦴꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂔𑂰𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ಜಾತಿ (Kannada script)
- ជាតិ (Khmer script)
- ຊາຕິ (Lao script)
- ജാതി (Malayalam script)
- ᡯᠠ᠊ᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘕𑘰𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᠽᠠᢗᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦵𑧑𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐖𑐵𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଜାତି (Odia script)
- ꢙꢵꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆘𑆳𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖕𑖯𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
- ජාති (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩣𑩛𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚑𑚭𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
- ஜாதி (Tamil script)
- జాతి (Telugu script)
- ชาติ (Thai script)
- ཛཱ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒖𑒰𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨥𑨊𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ȷ́aHtíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́áHtiš, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis (“birth, production”). Cognate with Latin gēns, Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis), Proto-Germanic *kinþiz. By surface analysis, जन् (jan, root) + -ति (-ti).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]जा॒ति • (jātí) stem, f
- birth, production
- rebirth
- the form of existence (as man, animal, etc.) fixed by birth
- position assigned by birth, rank, caste, family, race, lineage
- kind, genus (as opposed to species), species (as opposed to individual), class
- the generic properties (as opposed to the specific ones)
- the character of a species, genuine or true state of anything
- reduction of fractions to a common denominator
- a self-confuting reply (founded merely on similarity or dissimilarity)
- a particular figure of speech
- a class of metres
- a manner of singing
- fireplace
- mace, nutmeg
Declension
[edit]Feminine i-stem declension of जाति (jātí) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | जातिः jātíḥ |
जाती jātī́ |
जातयः jātáyaḥ |
Vocative | जाते jā́te |
जाती jā́tī |
जातयः jā́tayaḥ |
Accusative | जातिम् jātím |
जाती jātī́ |
जातीः jātī́ḥ |
Instrumental | जात्या / जाती¹ jātyā́ / jātī́¹ |
जातिभ्याम् jātíbhyām |
जातिभिः jātíbhiḥ |
Dative | जातये / जात्यै² / जाती¹ jātáye / jātyaí² / jātī́¹ |
जातिभ्याम् jātíbhyām |
जातिभ्यः jātíbhyaḥ |
Ablative | जातेः / जात्याः² / जात्यै³ jātéḥ / jātyā́ḥ² / jātyaí³ |
जातिभ्याम् jātíbhyām |
जातिभ्यः jātíbhyaḥ |
Genitive | जातेः / जात्याः² / जात्यै³ jātéḥ / jātyā́ḥ² / jātyaí³ |
जात्योः jātyóḥ |
जातीनाम् jātīnā́m |
Locative | जातौ / जात्याम्² / जाता¹ jātaú / jātyā́m² / jātā́¹ |
जात्योः jātyóḥ |
जातिषु jātíṣu |
Notes |
|
Borrowed terms
[edit]- Borrowed terms
- → English: jati
- → Gujarati: જાત (jāt), જાતિ (jāti)
- → Hindi: जाति (jāti)
- → Khmer: ជាតិ (ciət)
- → Lao: ຊາດ (sāt)
- → Malay: jadi, jati
- → Cebuano: yati
- → Tagalog: yari
- → Nepali: जाति (jāti)
- → Old Javanese: jāti, jati (see there for further descendants)
- → Tamil: சாதி (cāti), ஜாதி (jāti)
- → Telugu: జాతి (jāti)
- → Thai: ญาติ (yâat), ชาติ (châat)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “जाति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 418/1.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 583
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jāti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 285
- Milena Hübschmannová (2002 February) “Jati (Caste)”, in ROMBASE Cultural Database[2], Prague, archived from the original on 19 August 2021
Categories:
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from the Sanskrit root जन्
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi feminine nouns
- hi:Taxonomy
- Hindi feminine i-stem nouns
- Nepali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms derived from the Sanskrit root जन्
- Nepali terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-
- Nepali terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Nepali terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms with IPA pronunciation
- Nepali lemmas
- Nepali nouns
- Pali lemmas
- Pali nouns
- Pali nouns in Devanagari script
- Pali feminine nouns
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root जन्
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms suffixed with -ति
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit feminine nouns
- Sanskrit i-stem nouns