Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵénh₁tis

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, to beget, to give birth”) +‎ *-tis (abstract or action suffix).

Alternative reconstructions

• *gń̥h₁tis

Noun

*ǵénh₁tis f

1. birth, production

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*ǵénh₁tis
genitive	*ǵn̥h₁téys
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ǵénh₁tis	*ǵénh₁tih₁(e)	*ǵénh₁teyes
vocative	*ǵénh₁ti	*ǵénh₁tih₁(e)	*ǵénh₁teyes
accusative	*ǵénh₁tim	*ǵénh₁tih₁(e)	*ǵénh₁tims
genitive	*ǵn̥h₁téys	*?	*ǵn̥h₁téyoHom
ablative	*ǵn̥h₁téys	*?	*ǵn̥h₁tímos, *ǵn̥h₁tíbʰos
dative	*ǵn̥h₁téyey	*?	*ǵn̥h₁tímos, *ǵn̥h₁tíbʰos
locative	*ǵn̥h₁téy, *ǵn̥h₁tḗy	*?	*ǵn̥h₁tísu
instrumental	*ǵn̥h₁tíh₁	*?	*ǵn̥h₁tímis, *ǵn̥h₁tíbʰis

Derived terms

• *ǵn̥h₁-ti-Hō
  • Proto-Italic: *gnātiō
    • Latin: nātiō

Descendants

• Proto-Albanian: *dzenti
  • Albanian: dhênd
    • Albanian: dhen
• >? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źénˀtis, *źénˀtas (or from (or conflated with) *ǵemH-) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Germanic: *kinþiz, *kundiz (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic: *génetis
  • Ancient Greek: γένεσις (génesis) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́áHtiš
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́aHtíṣ
    • Sanskrit: जाति (jātí) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Iranian: *ȷ́áHtiš
    • Avestan: 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (jaⁱti, “family; birth”)
• Proto-Italic: *gentis
  • Latin: gēns (see there for further descendants)