ܥܒܪ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܥ ܒ ܪ (ˁ b r)
14 terms

From Aramaic עֲבַר (ʿăḇar), in most dialects historically displacing ܥܵܐܹܠ (ˁāˀēl). The sense of “to enter” is possibly through a semantic loan from Akkadian 𒆭 (erēbum); compare Hebrew עָבַר (avár), Arabic عَبَرَ (ʕabara).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʕɑːwerː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːvɪrː]

Verb

ܥܵܒ݂ܹܪ • (ˁāḇēr)

1. (intransitive, transitive) to cross, get across; to go through; to pass, go passed

   ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܡܸܢ ܬܲܘܵܢܵܐ ܠܬܲܘܵܢܵܐ.

   ˁḇīr lhōn min tawwānā ltawwānā.

   They passed from room to room.

   ܒܸܬ ܥܵܒ݂ܪܝܼܬܘܿܢ ܡܸܢ ܒܲܝܬܵܐ ܒܝܲܡܝܼܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ.

   bit ˁāḇrītōn min baytā b-yamīnāwḵōn.

   You will pass a house on your right.

   ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܕܚܵܙܹܝܬ ܐܝܼܠܵܢܵܐ ܪܲܒܵܐ، ܥܒ݂ܘܿܪ ܒܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ.

   īman d-ḥāzēt īlānā rabbā, ˁḇōr b-urḥā.

   When you see the big tree, cross the road.

   ܠܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܡܸܬ݂ܡܲܨܝܵܢܵܐ ܠܸܥܒ݂ܵܪܵܐ ܡܲܐܟ݂ܵܐ.

   lā ìlēh miṯmaṣyānā liˁḇārā maˀḵā.

   It’s impossible to get across.

   ܩܛܵܪܵܐ ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܹܗ ܒܚܘܼܠܵܢܵܐ.

   qṭārā ˁḇīr lēh b-ḥūlānā.

   The train went through the tunnel.

   • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., 1 Corinthians 16:5–Now I will come to you when I pass through Macedonia, for I will pass through Macedonia.:

     ܡܸܢ ܒܵܬ݂ܲܪ ܕܥܵܒ݂ܪܹܢ ܡܸܢ ܓܲܘ ܡܵܩܹܕ݂ܘܿܢܝܼܵܐ، ܒܸܬ ܐܵܬ݂ܹܝܢ ܟܸܣܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ، ܡܸܛܠ ܗܲܪ ܒܸܬ ܥܵܒ݂ܪܹܢ ܡܸܢ ܓܲܘ ܡܵܩܹܕܘܿܢܝܵܐ.

     min bāṯar d-ˁāḇrēn min gaw māqēḏōnīyā, bit āṯēn kislāwḵōn, miṭṭul har bit ˁāḇrēn min gaw māqēdōnyā.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (intransitive) to undergo, experience, be subjected to

   Synonyms: ܡܚܲܡܣܸܢ (mḥamsin), ܣܵܒ݂ܹܠ (sāḇēl)

   ܒܸܥܒ݂ܵܪܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܒܟܹܐܒ݂ܵܐ ܪܵܒܵܐ.

   biˁḇārā ìlēh b-kēḇā rābā.

   He is experiencing a lot of pain.

   ܒܸܬ ܥܵܒ݂ܪܹܢ ܥܘܼܡܵܠܵܐ ܒܝܘܿܡ ܬܪܹܝܢ݇ܒ݂ܫܲܒܵܐ.

   bit ˁāḇrēn ˁummālā b-yōm trēḇšabbā.

   I’m having surgery on Monday.

   ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܵܗ̇ ܒܨܘܼܦܵܚܵܐ ܓܸܢܣܵܝܵܐ.

   ˁḇīr lāh b-ṣūpāḥā ginsāyā.

   She was sexually assaulted.

3. (intransitive) to enter, come in, go in

   ܦܲܩܸܕ݂، ܬܵܐ ܥܒ݂ܘܿܪ! ― paqqiḏ, tā ˁḇōr! ― Please, come in!

   ܟܹܐ ܒܵܥܹܝܬ ܥܵܒ݂ܪܹܬ ܠܓܲܘ ܒܲܝܬܝܼ؟

   kē bāˁēt ˁāḇrēt lgaw baytī?

   Do you want to come into my house?

   ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܬ ܥܵܒ݂ܪܹܬ ܠܓܲܘ ܓܲܢܬ݂ܵܐ.

   lā kē māṣēt ˁāḇrēt l-gaw ganṯā.

   You cannot enter the garden.

   • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Luke 13:24–Strive to enter in at the strait gate: for many, I say unto you, will seek to enter in, and shall not be able.:

     ܢܲܣܹܝܡܘܼܢ ܠܸܥܒ݂ܵܪܵܐ ܒܬܲܪܥܵܐ ܥܝܼܩܵܐ، ܡܸܛܠ ܒܹܐ݇ܡܵܪܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܐܸܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ، ܪܵܒܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܒܵܥܝܝܼ ܠܸܥܒ݂ܵܪܵܐ ܘܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܝܼ.

     nassēmūn liˁḇārā b-tarˁā ˁīqā, miṭṭul bēmārā ìwen illāwḵōn, rābā bit bāˁyī liˁḇārā w-lā kē māṣī.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Usage notes

• The preposition ܡܸܢ (min, “from”) is usually used for the sense of “to cross, pass”; whereas the prepositions ܒ- (b-), ܠ- (l-), ܓܲܘ (gaw), etc. are used for the sense of “to enter, go in”.

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܥܵܒ݂ܹܪ

gerund	ܒܸܥܒ݂ܵܪܵܐ (biˁḇārā)
verbal noun	ܥܒ݂ܵܪܵܐ (ˁḇārā)
		singular				plural
passive participle	m	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܵܐ (ˁḇīrā)				ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܹ̈ܐ (ˁḇīrē)
	f	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܬܵܐ (ˁḇīrtā)
agent noun	m	ܥܵܒ݂ܘܿܪܵܐ (ˁāḇōrā)				ܥܵܒ݂ܘܿܪܹ̈ܐ (ˁāḇōrē)
	f	ܥܵܒ݂ܘܿܪܬܵܐ (ˁāḇōrtā)				ܥܵܒ݂ܘܿܪܝ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁāḇōryāṯā)
instance noun		ܥܒ݂ܵܪܬܵܐ (ˁḇārtā)				ܥܒ݂ܵܪ̈ܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁḇāryāṯā)
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܝܼ (ˁḇīr lī)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (ˁḇīr lūḵ)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܹܗ (ˁḇīr lēh)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܲܢ (ˁḇīr lan)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁḇīr lāwḵōn)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܗܘܿܢ (ˁḇīr lhōn)
	f		ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁḇīr lāḵ)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ ܠܵܗ̇ (ˁḇīr lāh)
non-past	m	ܥܵܒ݂ܪܹܢ (ˁāḇrēn)	ܥܵܒ݂ܪܹܬ (ˁāḇrēt)	ܥܵܒ݂ܹܪ (ˁāḇēr)	ܥܵܒ݂ܪܲܚ (ˁāḇraḥ)	ܥܵܒ݂ܪܝܼܬܘܿܢ (ˁāḇrītōn)	ܥܵܒ݂ܪܝܼ (ˁāḇrī)
	f	ܥܵܒ݂ܪܵܢ (ˁāḇrān)	ܥܵܒ݂ܪܵܬܝ (ˁāḇrāt)	ܥܵܒ݂ܪܵܐ (ˁāḇrā)
imperative	m		ܥܒ݂ܘܿܪ (ˁḇōr)			ܥܒ݂ܘܿܪܘܼܢ (ˁḇōrūn)
	f		ܥܒ݂ܘܿܪܝ (ˁḇōr)
passive past	m	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܸܢ (ˁḇīrin)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܸܬ (ˁḇīrit)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪ (ˁḇīr)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܸܚ (ˁḇīriḥ)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܝܼܬܘܿܢ (ˁḇīrītōn)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܝܼ (ˁḇīrī)
	f	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܲܢ (ˁḇīran)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܲܬܝ (ˁḇīrat)	ܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܵܐ (ˁḇīrā)

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Derived terms

• ܡܲܥܒܸܪ (maˁbir)
• ܕܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܹܗ (dˁḇīrēh)

Etymology 2

Root
ܥ ܒ ܪ (ˁ b r)
14 terms

From the construct state of ܥܸܒ݂ܪܵܐ (ˁiḇrā, “crossing, passage; far bank, the other shore”); compare Arabic عَبْرَ (ʕabra) and Hebrew עֵבֶר ('éver).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʕəwar.]

Preposition

ܥܒ݂ܲܪ • (ˁḇar)

1. across, past

   ܡܗܘܼܠܸܟ݂ ܠܹܗ ܥܒ݂ܲܪ ܓܸܫܪܵܐ. ― mhūliḵ lēh ˁḇar gišrā. ― He walked across the bridge.

   ܐܸܢ ܡܓܲܪܓܸܫ ܣܲܟܝܼܢܵܐ ܥܸܒ݂ܪܹܗ ܒܸܬ ܦܵܐܹܫ ܬܒ݂ܝܼܪܵܐ.

   in mgargiš sakīnā ˁiḇrēh bit pāˀēš tḇīrā.

   If he drags a knife across it it will break.

2. through, via, by way of

   Synonyms: ܒܓܲܘ (bgaw), ܒܡܨܸܥܵܝܘܼܬ݂ ܕ- (bmṣiˁāyūṯ d-), ܒܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܕ- (b-urḥā d-)

   ܚܙܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܫܸܡܫܵܐ ܥܒ݂ܲܪ ܥܲܝ̈ܒ݂ܹܐ.

   ḥzē lī šimšā ˁḇar ˁayḇē.

   I saw the Sun through the clouds.

   ܫܘܼܢܵܪܵܐ ܫܘܝܼܪ ܠܹܗ ܥܒ݂ܲܪ ܟܲܘܹܐ.

   šunnārā šwīr lēh ˁḇar kawwē.

   The cat jumped through the window.

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܒ݂ܲܪ

base form			ܥܒ݂ܲܪ (ˁḇar)
Personal-pronoun including forms
	singular		plural
	m	f
1st person	ܥܸܒ݂ܪܝܼ (ˁiḇrī)		ܥܸܒ݂ܪܲܢ (ˁiḇran)
2nd person	ܥܸܒ݂ܪܘܼܟ݂ (ˁiḇrūḵ)	ܥܸܒ݂ܪܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁiḇrāḵ)	ܥܸܒ݂ܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁiḇrāwḵōn)
3rd person	ܥܸܒ݂ܪܹܗ (ˁiḇrēh)	ܥܸܒ݂ܪܵܗ̇ (ˁiḇrāh)	ܥܸܒ݂ܪܗܘܿܢ (ˁiḇrhōn)

Derived terms

• ܒܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ (baˁḇar)
• ܠܲܥܒ݂ܲܪ (laˁḇar)
• ܡܸܥܒ݂ܲܪ (miˁḇar)
• ܥܒ݂ܲܪ ܝܵܡܵܐ (ˁḇar yāmā)
• ܥܒ݂ܲܪ ܢܲܗܪܵܐ (ˁḇar nahrā)

Etymology 3

From Biblical Hebrew עֵבֶר (ʿéver).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʕɑːwɑrː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːvɑrː]

Proper noun

ܥܵܒ݂ܵܪ • (ˁāḇār) m

1. (biblical) Eber (the son of Salah and the father of Joktan and Peleg)
   • c. 2014, ܕܝܬܩܐ ܚܕܬܐ ܕܡܪܢ ܝܫܘܥ ܡܫܝܚܐ ܘܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܒܠܫܢܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ, Aramaic Bible Translation, Inc., Genesis 11:17–ܘܚܝܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܥܵܒ݂ܵܪ ܒܵܬ݂ܲܪ ܕܡܘܼܠܸܕ݂ ܠܹܗ ܠܦܵܠܵܓ݂ ܐܲܪܒܲܥܡܐܵܐ ܘܬܠܵܬ݂ܝܼܢ ܫܸܢܹ̈ܐ، ܘܡܘܼܠܸܕ݂ ܠܹܗ ܒܢܘܿܢܹ̈ܐ ܘܒ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܵܐ.:

     (please add the primary text of this quotation)

     After he begot Peleg, Eber lived four hundred and thirty years, and begot sons and daughters.