ܐܟܡ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܐ ܟ ܡ (ˀ k m)
4 terms

Denominal verb from the color ܐ݇ܟܘܿܡܵܐ (kōmā, “black”), from Aramaic אוּכָּמָא (ʾukkāmā); compare Hebrew אָכַם (akhám, “to be sun-burnt, black, dark-colored”)

Alternative forms

• ܟܵܐܸܡ (kāˀim)

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːkemː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːt͡ʃɪmː]

Verb

ܐܵܟܹܡ • (ākēm)

1. (intransitive) to blacken; to be/become black

   Synonym: ܫܵܚܹܪ (šāḥēr)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܐܵܟܹܡ

gerund	ܐ݇ܟܵܡܵܐ (kāmā)
verbal noun	ܐ݇ܟܵܡܵܐ (kāmā)
		singular				plural
passive participle	m	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܵܐ (kīmā)				ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܹ̈ܐ (kīmē)
	f	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܬܵܐ (kīmtā)
agent noun	m	ܐܵܟܘܿܡܵܐ (ākōmā)				ܐܵܟܘܿܡܹ̈ܐ (ākōmē)
	f	ܐܵܟܘܿܡܬܵܐ (ākōmtā)				ܐܵܟܘܿܡܝ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ākōmyāṯā)
instance noun		ܐ݇ܟܵܡܬܵܐ (kāmtā)				ܐ݇ܟܵܡܝ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (kāmyāṯā)
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡ ܠܝܼ (kīm lī)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (kīm lūḵ)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡ ܠܹܗ (kīm lēh)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡ ܠܲܢ (kīm lan)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kīm lāwḵōn)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡ ܠܗܘܿܢ (kīm lhōn)
	f		ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (kīm lāḵ)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡ ܠܵܗ̇ (kīm lāh)
non-past	m	ܐܵܟܡܹܢ (ākmēn)	ܐܵܟܡܹܬ (ākmēt)	ܐܵܟܹܡ (ākēm)	ܐܵܟܡܲܚ (ākmaḥ)	ܐܵܟܡܝܼܬܘܿܢ (ākmītōn)	ܐܵܟܡܝܼ (ākmī)
	f	ܐܵܟܡܵܢ (ākmān)	ܐܵܟܡܵܬܝ (ākmāt)	ܐܵܟܡܵܐ (ākmā)
imperative	m		ܐ݇ܟܘܿܡ (kōm)			ܐ݇ܟܘܿܡܘܼܢ (kōmūn)
	f		ܐ݇ܟܘܿܡܝ (kōm)
passive past	m	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܸܢ (kīmin)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܸܬ (kīmit)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡ (kīm)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܸܚ (kīmiḥ)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܝܼܬܘܿܢ (kīmītōn)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܝܼ (kīmī)
	f	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܲܢ (kīman)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܲܬܝ (kīmat)	ܐ݇ܟܝܼܡܵܐ (kīmā)

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Derived terms

• ܡܲܟܝܸܡ (makyim)

Etymology 2

Root
ܐ ܛ ܡ (ˀ ṭ m)
1 term

From the older form ܐܵܛܹܡ (āṭēm), from Aramaic אֲטַם (ʾăṭam), with the /ṭ/ shifting to /č̣/ as observed in many words; compare Hebrew אָטַם (atám, “to seal”), Classical Syriac ܐܛܡ (“to close, shut”).

Alternative forms

• ܟ̰ܵܐܸܡ (čāˀim)

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːt͡ʃˤeːm]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːt͡ʃˤɪm]

Verb

ܐܵܟ̰ܹܡ • (āčēm)

1. (transitive, intransitive) to close, shut (also of the eyes)

   Synonyms: ܕܵܒ݂ܹܪ (dāḇēr), ܣܵܟ݂ܹܪ (sāḵēr), ܙܵܓ݂ܹܪ (zāḡēr)

   Antonym: ܦܵܬ݂ܹܚ (pāṯēḥ)

   ܬܲܪܥܵܐ ܘܟܲܘܬܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܦܵܬ݂ܚܝܼ ܘܐܵܟ̰ܡܝܼ ܥܲܠ ܥܸܩܒܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ. ― tarˁā w-kawtā kē pāṯḥī w-āčmī ˁal ˁiqbayhōn. ― A door and a window open and close on their hinges.

2. (offensive) to shut up, stop talking, be quiet

   Synonym: ܫܵܬ݂ܹܩ (šāṯēq)

   ܐ݇ܟ̰ܘܿܡ ܦܘܼܡܘܼܟ݂! ― čōm pummūḵ! ― Shut your mouth!

3. (figurative) to be/become obstinate

   ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܵܗ̇ ܢܲܦ̮ܫܹܗ. ― čīm lāh nafšēh. ― He was stubborn and unable to learn anything (literally, “His soul closed up.”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܐܵܟ̰ܹܡ

gerund	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܵܡܵܐ (čāmā)
verbal noun	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܵܡܵܐ (čāmā)
		singular				plural
passive participle	m	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܵܐ (čīmā)				ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܹ̈ܐ (čīmē)
	f	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܬܵܐ (čīmtā)
agent noun	m	ܐܵܟ̰ܘܿܡܵܐ (āčōmā)				ܐܵܟ̰ܘܿܡܹ̈ܐ (āčōmē)
	f	ܐܵܟ̰ܘܿܡܬܵܐ (āčōmtā)				ܐܵܟ̰ܘܿܡܝ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (āčōmyāṯā)
instance noun		ܐ݇ܟ̰ܵܡܬܵܐ (čāmtā)				ܐ݇ܟ̰ܵܡܝ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (čāmyāṯā)
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܝܼ (čīm lī)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (čīm lūḵ)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܹܗ (čīm lēh)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܲܢ (čīm lan)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (čīm lāwḵōn)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܗܘܿܢ (čīm lhōn)
	f		ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (čīm lāḵ)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡ ܠܵܗ̇ (čīm lāh)
non-past	m	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܹܢ (āčmēn)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܹܬ (āčmēt)	ܐܵܟ̰ܹܡ (āčēm)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܲܚ (āčmaḥ)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܝܼܬܘܿܢ (āčmītōn)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܝܼ (āčmī)
	f	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܵܢ (āčmān)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܵܬܝ (āčmāt)	ܐܵܟ̰ܡܵܐ (āčmā)
imperative	m		ܐ݇ܟ̰ܘܿܡ (čōm)			ܐ݇ܟ̰ܘܿܡܘܼܢ (čōmūn)
	f		ܐ݇ܟ̰ܘܿܡܝ (čōm)
passive past	m	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܸܢ (čīmin)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܸܬ (čīmit)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡ (čīm)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܸܚ (čīmiḥ)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܝܼܬܘܿܢ (čīmītōn)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܝܼ (čīmī)
	f	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܲܢ (čīman)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܲܬܝ (čīmat)	ܐ݇ܟ̰ܝܼܡܵܐ (čīmā)

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