כ־ו־ן

Hebrew

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *kawan- (“to be in a place, to happen or occur, to be present”). Compare Aramaic כַּוֵּן (“to be straightened, to be made right”), Arabic ك و ن (k-w-n, “root relating to existence”), Akkadian 𒄀 (kânum, “to be firm, to hold true”), Ge'ez ኮነ (konä, “to be”), Old South Arabian 𐩫𐩥𐩬 (kwn, “to occur, to exist”), Ugaritic 𐎋𐎐 (kn, “to be”).

Root

כ־ו־ן • (k-w-n) (hollow root)

1. Forming words relating to firmness, establishment.

Derived terms

Hebrew terms belonging to the root כ־ו־ן (0 c, 19 e)

Verbs and verbal derivatives

• Nif'al: נָכוֹן (nakhón, “to be prepared”)
  • Participle: נָכוֹן (nakhón, “correct; ready”)
• Pi'el: כּוֹנֵן (konén, “to establish; to direct”)
  • Participle: מְכוֹנֵן (mekhonén, “mechanic; founder”)
  • Verbal noun: כּוֹנָן (konán, “rack; disk drive”)
  • Derived noun: כּוֹנְנוּת (konenút, “preparedness”)
• Pu'al: כּוֹנַן (konán, “to be established; to be directed”)
• Hif'il: הֵכִין (heikhín, “to establish, to secure, to arrange”)
  • Absolute infinitive: הָכֵן (hakhén, “ready”)
  • Participle: מְכִינָה (mekhiná, “preparatory class”)
  • Derived noun: הֲכָנָה (hakhaná, “readiness”)
  • Verbal noun: תְּכוּנָה (tekhuná, “arrangement; character; preparation; astronomy”)
• Huf'al: הוּכַן (hukhán, “to be made ready”)
  • Participle: מוּכָן (mukhán, “ready”)
    • Derived noun: מוּכָנוּת (mukhanút, “readiness”)
• Hitpa'el: הִתְכּוֹנֵן (hitkonén, “to be established; to prepare oneself”)

Nouns and adjectives

• כֵּן (kén, “right, honest”)
  • כֵּנוּת (kenút, “honesty”)
• מָכוֹן (makhón, “foundation; institute”)
• מְכוֹנָה (mekhoná, “base; place where animals await slaughter”)

Etymology 2

Specialised from Etymology 1, under influence from Aramaic כַּוֵּן (“to be straightened”).

Root

כ־ו־ן • (k-w-n) (strong root)

1. Forming words relating to straightness, direction.

Derived terms

Verbs and verbal derivatives

• Pi'el: כיוון / כִּוֵּן (kivén, “to straighten; to determine”)
  • Verbal noun: כיוון / כִּוּוּן (kivún, “direction”)
  • Derived noun: כוון / כַּוָּן (kaván, “expression; aimer”)
• Pu'al: כוון / כֻּוַּן (kuván, “to be straightened; to be made to correspond”)
  • Participle: מכוון / מְכֻוָּן (mekhuván, “directed; precise; parallel”)
  • Derived noun: כוונה / כַּוָּנָה (kavaná, “intention; attention; meaning”)
  • Derived noun: כוונת / כַּוֶּנֶת (kavénet, “sight of a gun”)
• Hif'il: הכווין / הִכְוִין (hikhvín, “to adjust, to tune”)
  • Verbal noun (male hektel substantivation after absolute infinitive): הכוון / הֶכְוֵן (hekhvén, “guidance; aiming”)
  • Verbal noun (female haktala substantivation): הכוונה / הַכְוָנָה (hakhvaná, “guidance; alignment”)
• Huf'al: הכוון / הֻכְוַן (hukhván, “to be adjusted, to be tuned”)
• Hitpa'el: התכוון / הִתְכַּוֵּן (hitkavén, “to intend”)
  • Verbal noun: התכוונות / הִתְכַּוְּנוּת (hitkavnút, “intention”)
• Nitpa'el: ניתכוון / נִתְכַוֵּן (nitkavén, “to intend”)

Nouns and adjectives

• מכוון / מַכְוֵן (makhvén, “regulator; tuner”)
• מהוון / מִכְוָּן (mikhván, “aim of a weapon”)

See also

• כ־ו־נ־ן (k-w-n-n, derived root relating to adjustment)

References

• Klein, Ernest (1987) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[1], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 272
• “כ־ו־ן”, in Hebrew dictionary and conjugation tables, Pealim.com