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λίθος

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Ancient Greek

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Etymology

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Has been compared to λεῖος (leîos, smooth), λιτός (litós, simple, plain), Latin laedō (to strike, hurt), and Lithuanian slidùs (slippery, slick). Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin, noting that words for "stone" are often taken from a substrate language.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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λῐ́θος (líthosm (genitive λῐ́θου); second declension

  1. a stone
    Synonym: πέτρος (pétros)
  2. stone as a substance
    Synonym: πέτρα (pétra)
  3. stone, pebble (used as as piece in a board-game)
  4. large rock or stone block, used as a seat to a speaker's platform, especially in the Assembly or in the Athenian agora, where archons, arbitrators and certain witnesses swore oaths

Usage notes

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Λίθος is sometimes used as a feminine noun. This often (but not always) is used to refer to some special stone, such as a gem or magnet.

Declension

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Greek

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Etymology

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Learnedly, from Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos), masculine (also feminine).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈli.θos/
  • Hyphenation: λί‧θος

Noun

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λίθος (líthosm or f (plural λίθοι)

  1. masculine form:
    1. stone (building material)
      ο θεμέλιος λίθοςo themélios líthosthe foundation stone
    2. (medicine, formal) stone, calculus
    3. (archaeology) Εποχή του Λίθου (Stone Age)
  2. feminine form (in phrases): special "stones":
    1. λυδία λίθος (touch stone)
    2. φιλοσοφική λίθος (philosopher's stone)

Declension

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Declension of λίθος
singular plural
nominative λίθος (líthos) λίθοι (líthoi)
genitive λίθου (líthou) λίθων (líthon)
accusative λίθο (lítho) λίθους (líthous)
vocative λίθε (líthe) λίθοι (líthoi)

Synonyms

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Coordinate terms

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Expressions
Derivatives and compounds

Further reading

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