áram
Appearance
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Back-formation from áramlik. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.[1]
Noun
[edit]áram (usually uncountable, plural áramok)
- power, electricity (a supply of electricity)
- Nincs áram. ― The power is down.
- (electricity) current
- Megrázott az áram, mikor megérintettem a drótot. ― I got an electric shock when I touched the wire. (literally, “The current shook me when…”)
- current, stream, flow (fluid or air that moves continuously in a certain direction)
- Synonym: áramlat
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | áram | áramok |
accusative | áramot | áramokat |
dative | áramnak | áramoknak |
instrumental | árammal | áramokkal |
causal-final | áramért | áramokért |
translative | árammá | áramokká |
terminative | áramig | áramokig |
essive-formal | áramként | áramokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | áramban | áramokban |
superessive | áramon | áramokon |
adessive | áramnál | áramoknál |
illative | áramba | áramokba |
sublative | áramra | áramokra |
allative | áramhoz | áramokhoz |
elative | áramból | áramokból |
delative | áramról | áramokról |
ablative | áramtól | áramoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
áramé | áramoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
áraméi | áramokéi |
Possessive forms of áram | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | áramom | áramaim |
2nd person sing. | áramod | áramaid |
3rd person sing. | árama | áramai |
1st person plural | áramunk | áramaink |
2nd person plural | áramotok | áramaitok |
3rd person plural | áramuk | áramaik |
Derived terms
[edit]Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
Expressions
Etymology 2
[edit]ár (“price; flow, flood; awl”) + -am (possessive suffix)
Noun
[edit]áram
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | áram | — |
accusative | áramat | — |
dative | áramnak | — |
instrumental | árammal | — |
causal-final | áramért | — |
translative | árammá | — |
terminative | áramig | — |
essive-formal | áramként | — |
essive-modal | áramul | — |
inessive | áramban | — |
superessive | áramon | — |
adessive | áramnál | — |
illative | áramba | — |
sublative | áramra | — |
allative | áramhoz | — |
elative | áramból | — |
delative | áramról | — |
ablative | áramtól | — |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
áramé | — |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
áraméi | — |
References
[edit]- ^ áram in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- áram in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- áram in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From translingual Arum (botanical name), from Latin arum, from Ancient Greek ἄρον (áron).
Noun
[edit]áram m (genitive singular áraim)
Declension
[edit]
|
Mutation
[edit]radical | eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
---|---|---|---|
áram | n-áram | háram | t-áram |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “áram”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Old Irish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]By surface analysis, ad- + rím.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]áram f (genitive áirme)
- verbal noun of ad·rími
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 102d17
- tri togair inn anmae Dǽ ⁊ árim a degmaine
- through calling on the name of God and enumerating his benefits
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 102d17
- number, numeral
- certain collective quantity, amount, sum
- reckoning, computation (of time)
- grammatical number
- act of enumerating, recounting
- estimation, repute, account
- act of reckoning with
- regarding, reckoning as
Inflection
[edit]Feminine ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | áramL | áraimL, áirim | áirmeaH |
Vocative | áramL | áraimL, áirim | áirmeaH |
Accusative | áraimN, áirim | áraimL, áirim | áirmeaH |
Genitive | áirmeH | áramL | áramN |
Dative | áraimL, áirim | áirmib | áirmib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants
[edit]- Middle Irish: áirem
- ⇒ Middle Irish: comáirem
- Irish: comhaireamh
Mutation
[edit]radical | lenition | nasalization |
---|---|---|
árem (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) |
unchanged | n-árem |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “áirem”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Categories:
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒm
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒm/2 syllables
- Hungarian back-formations
- Hungarian words originating from the language reform
- Hungarian uncountable nouns
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- hu:Electricity
- Hungarian non-lemma forms
- Hungarian noun forms
- Hungarian terms with lemma and non-lemma form etymologies
- Hungarian terms with noun and noun form etymologies
- Irish terms derived from Translingual
- Irish terms derived from Latin
- Irish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish masculine nouns
- Irish first-declension nouns
- ga:Arum family plants
- Old Irish terms prefixed with ad-
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish nouns
- Old Irish feminine nouns
- Old Irish verbal nouns
- Old Irish terms with quotations
- Old Irish ā-stem nouns