áram

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See also: aram, Aram, arám, arãm, āram, arām, and aram.

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈaːrɒm]
  • Hyphenation: áram
  • Rhymes: -ɒm

Etymology 1

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Back-formation from áramlik. Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.[1]

Noun

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áram (usually uncountable, plural áramok)

  1. power, electricity (a supply of electricity)
    Nincs áram. ― The power is down.
  2. (electricity) current
    Megrázott az áram, mikor megérintettem a drótot. ― I got an electric shock when I touched the wire. (literally, “The current shook me when…”)
  3. current, stream, flow (fluid or air that moves continuously in a certain direction)
    Synonym: áramlat
Declension
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Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative áram áramok
accusative áramot áramokat
dative áramnak áramoknak
instrumental árammal áramokkal
causal-final áramért áramokért
translative árammá áramokká
terminative áramig áramokig
essive-formal áramként áramokként
essive-modal — —
inessive áramban áramokban
superessive áramon áramokon
adessive áramnál áramoknál
illative áramba áramokba
sublative áramra áramokra
allative áramhoz áramokhoz
elative áramból áramokból
delative áramról áramokról
ablative áramtól áramoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		áramé áramoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		áraméi áramokéi
Possessive forms of áram
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. áramom áramaim
2nd person sing. áramod áramaid
3rd person sing. árama áramai
1st person plural áramunk áramaink
2nd person plural áramotok áramaitok
3rd person plural áramuk áramaik
Derived terms
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Compound words with this term at the beginning
Compound words with this term at the end
Expressions

Etymology 2

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ár (“price; flow, flood; awl”) +‎ -am (possessive suffix)

Noun

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áram

  1. first-person singular single-possession possessive of ár
Declension
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Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative áram —
accusative áramat —
dative áramnak —
instrumental árammal —
causal-final áramért —
translative árammá —
terminative áramig —
essive-formal áramként —
essive-modal áramul —
inessive áramban —
superessive áramon —
adessive áramnál —
illative áramba —
sublative áramra —
allative áramhoz —
elative áramból —
delative áramról —
ablative áramtól —
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		áramé —
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		áraméi —

References

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  1. ^ áram in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • áram in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • áram in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Irish

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Etymology

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From translingual Arum (botanical name), from Latin arum, from Ancient Greek ἄρον (áron).

Noun

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áram m (genitive singular áraim)

  1. arum

Declension

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Declension of áram

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative áram
Vocative a áraim
Genitive áraim
Dative áram

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an t-áram
Genitive an áraim
Dative leis an áram

don áram

Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
áram n-áram háram t-áram
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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By surface analysis, ad- +‎ rím.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈaːrəβ̃/, [ˈaːraβ̃]

Noun

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áram f (genitive áirme)

  1. verbal noun of ad·rími
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 102d17
      tri togair inn anmae Dǽ ⁊ árim a degmaine
      through calling on the name of God and enumerating his benefits
  2. number, numeral
  3. certain collective quantity, amount, sum
  4. reckoning, computation (of time)
  5. grammatical number
  6. act of enumerating, recounting
  7. estimation, repute, account
  8. act of reckoning with
  9. regarding, reckoning as

Inflection

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Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative áramL áraimL, áirim áirmeaH
Vocative áramL áraimL, áirim áirmeaH
Accusative áraimN, áirim áraimL, áirim áirmeaH
Genitive áirmeH áramL áramN
Dative áraimL, áirim áirmib áirmib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

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  • Middle Irish: áirem
  • ⇒ Middle Irish: comáirem

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
árem
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) 		unchanged n-árem
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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