zama

See also: Zama

English

Noun

zama (plural zamas)

1. Synonym of zama-zama
   • 2017 June 29, Warren Thompson, “Sibanye could be losing R756m to illegal miners”, in The Citizen‎^[1]:

     There are “food syndicates” that only exist to supply food to zamas at mines in the West Wits and Free State.

Anagrams

• -azam, Azam, Maza, maza

Basque

Etymology

From Latin sagma.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /s̻ama/ [s̻a.ma]

• IPA^(key): (most dialects) /s̻ama/ [s̻a.ma]
• IPA^(key): (Biscayan) /s̺ama/ [s̺a.ma]

• Rhymes: -ama
• Hyphenation: za‧ma

Noun

zama inan

1. load, cargo

   Synonym: karga

   egur zama ― load of firewood

2. burden

   Mesede hori zuri egitea zama bat besterik ez da niretzat. ― Doing that favor for you is nothing but a burden for me.

Declension

Declension of zama (inanimate, ending in -a)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	zama	zama	zamak
ergative	zamak	zamak	zamek
dative	zamari	zamari	zamei
genitive	zamaren	zamaren	zamen
comitative	zamarekin	zamarekin	zamekin
causative	zamarengatik	zamarengatik	zamengatik
benefactive	zamarentzat	zamarentzat	zamentzat
instrumental	zamaz	zamaz	zamez
inessive	zamatan	zaman	zametan
locative	zamatako	zamako	zametako
allative	zamatara	zamara	zametara
terminative	zamataraino	zamaraino	zametaraino
directive	zamatarantz	zamarantz	zametarantz
destinative	zamatarako	zamarako	zametarako
ablative	zamatatik	zamatik	zametatik
partitive	zamarik	—	—
prolative	zamatzat	—	—

Derived terms

• zamagarri
• zamaka
• zamaketa
• zamaketari
• zamalan
• zamaleku
• zamaontzi
• zamari
• zamategi
• zamatu
• zamatzaile
• zamatze
• zamaxka

 

Further reading

• “zama”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
• “zama”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Hausa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zá.máː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [zə́.máː]

Noun

zamā m (possessed form zaman)

1. sitting, dwelling, existence
2. verbal noun of zama

References

• Newman, Paul (2007) A Hausa-English Dictionary (Yale Language Series), New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 230.

Italian

Noun

zama f (invariable)

1. an alloy of zinc used especially for plumbing fixtures

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìjama, positional form of Proto-Bantu *-jìja (“to come”).

Verb

-zama

1. to try

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìjama, positional form of Proto-Bantu *-jìja (“to come”).

Verb

-zama

1. to try

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].

Noun

zama class IX (plural zama class X)

1. time, period

Etymology 2

From *-zala (“to drown”) +‎ -ama

Verb

-zama (infinitive kuzama)

1. to sink, submerge
2. to dive

Conjugation

Conjugation of -zama
Positive present -nazama Subjunctive -zame Negative -zami Imperative singular zama
Infinitives
Positive kuzama Negative kutozama
Imperatives
Singular zama Plural zameni
Tensed forms
Habitual huzama Positive past positive subject concord + -lizama Negative past negative subject concord + -kuzama
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nazama) Singular Plural 1st person ninazama/nazama tunazama 2nd person unazama mnazama 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anazama wanazama other classes positive subject concord + -nazama
Negative present (negative subject concord + -zami) Singular Plural 1st person sizami hatuzami 2nd person huzami hamzami 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hazami hawazami other classes negative subject concord + -zami
Positive future positive subject concord + -tazama Negative future negative subject concord + -tazama
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -zame) Singular Plural 1st person nizame tuzame 2nd person uzame mzame 3rd person m-wa(I/II) azame wazame other classes positive subject concord + -zame
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sizame Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngezama Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singezama Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalizama Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalizama
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -azama) Singular Plural 1st person nazama twazama 2nd person wazama mwazama 3rd person m-wa(I/II) azama wazama m-mi(III/IV) wazama yazama ji-ma(V/VI) lazama yazama ki-vi(VII/VIII) chazama vyazama n(IX/X) yazama zazama u(XI) wazama see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwazama pa(XVI) pazama mu(XVIII) mwazama
Perfect positive subject concord + -mezama "Already" positive subject concord + -meshazama "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jazama "If/When" positive subject concord + -kizama "If not" positive subject concord + -sipozama Consecutive kazama / positive subject concord + -kazama Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kazame
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nizama -tuzama 2nd person -kuzama -wazama/-kuzameni/-wazameni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mzama -wazama m-mi(III/IV) -uzama -izama ji-ma(V/VI) -lizama -yazama ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kizama -vizama n(IX/X) -izama -zizama u(XI) -uzama see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuzama pa(XVI) -pazama mu(XVIII) -muzama Reflexive -jizama
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -zama- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -zamaye -zamao m-mi(III/IV) -zamao -zamayo ji-ma(V/VI) -zamalo -zamayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -zamacho -zamavyo n(IX/X) -zamayo -zamazo u(XI) -zamao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -zamako pa(XVI) -zamapo mu(XVIII) -zamamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -zama) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yezama -ozama m-mi(III/IV) -ozama -yozama ji-ma(V/VI) -lozama -yozama ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chozama -vyozama n(IX/X) -yozama -zozama u(XI) -ozama see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kozama pa(XVI) -pozama mu(XVIII) -mozama
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Thao

Noun

zama

1. (anatomy) tongue

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìjama, positional form of Proto-Bantu *-jìja (“to come”).

Verb

-zama

1. (transitive) to try

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Related terms

• -za

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìjama, positional form of Proto-Bantu *-jìja (“to come”).

Verb

-zama

1. to try, to attempt, to strive

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuzama
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuzama	ukungazami
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	zama	-zame
Plural	zamani	-zameni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyazama, ngizama	engizamayo, engizama	ngizama	angizami	engingazami	ngingazami
2nd singular	uyazama, uzama	ozamayo, ozama	uzama	awuzami	ongazami	ungazami
1st plural	siyazama, sizama	esizamayo, esizama	sizama	asizami	esingazami	singazami
2nd plural	niyazama, nizama	enizamayo, enizama	nizama	anizami	eningazami	ningazami
Class 1	uyazama, uzama	ozamayo, ozama	ezama	akazami	ongazami	engazami
Class 2	bayazama, bazama	abazamayo, abazama	bezama	abazami	abangazami	bengazami
Class 3	uyazama, uzama	ozamayo, ozama	uzama	awuzami	ongazami	ungazami
Class 4	iyazama, izama	ezamayo, ezama	izama	ayizami	engazami	ingazami
Class 5	liyazama, lizama	elizamayo, elizama	lizama	alizami	elingazami	lingazami
Class 6	ayazama, azama	azamayo, azama	ezama	awazami	angazami	engazami
Class 7	siyazama, sizama	esizamayo, esizama	sizama	asizami	esingazami	singazami
Class 8	ziyazama, zizama	ezizamayo, ezizama	zizama	azizami	ezingazami	zingazami
Class 9	iyazama, izama	ezamayo, ezama	izama	ayizami	engazami	ingazami
Class 10	ziyazama, zizama	ezizamayo, ezizama	zizama	azizami	ezingazami	zingazami
Class 11	luyazama, luzama	oluzamayo, oluzama	luzama	aluzami	olungazami	lungazami
Class 14	buyazama, buzama	obuzamayo, obuzama	buzama	abuzami	obungazami	bungazami
Class 15	kuyazama, kuzama	okuzamayo, okuzama	kuzama	akuzami	okungazami	kungazami
Class 17	kuyazama, kuzama	okuzamayo, okuzama	kuzama	akuzami	okungazami	kungazami
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizamile, ngizamē	engizamile, engizamē	ngizamile, ngizamē	angizamanga	engingazamanga	ngingazamanga
2nd singular	uzamile, uzamē	ozamile, ozamē	uzamile, uzamē	awuzamanga	ongazamanga	ungazamanga
1st plural	sizamile, sizamē	esizamile, esizamē	sizamile, sizamē	asizamanga	esingazamanga	singazamanga
2nd plural	nizamile, nizamē	enizamile, enizamē	nizamile, nizamē	anizamanga	eningazamanga	ningazamanga
Class 1	uzamile, uzamē	ozamile, ozamē	ezamile, ezamē	akazamanga	ongazamanga	engazamanga
Class 2	bazamile, bazamē	abazamile, abazamē	bezamile, bezamē	abazamanga	abangazamanga	bengazamanga
Class 3	uzamile, uzamē	ozamile, ozamē	uzamile, uzamē	awuzamanga	ongazamanga	ungazamanga
Class 4	izamile, izamē	ezamile, ezamē	izamile, izamē	ayizamanga	engazamanga	ingazamanga
Class 5	lizamile, lizamē	elizamile, elizamē	lizamile, lizamē	alizamanga	elingazamanga	lingazamanga
Class 6	azamile, azamē	azamile, azamē	ezamile, ezamē	awazamanga	angazamanga	engazamanga
Class 7	sizamile, sizamē	esizamile, esizamē	sizamile, sizamē	asizamanga	esingazamanga	singazamanga
Class 8	zizamile, zizamē	ezizamile, ezizamē	zizamile, zizamē	azizamanga	ezingazamanga	zingazamanga
Class 9	izamile, izamē	ezamile, ezamē	izamile, izamē	ayizamanga	engazamanga	ingazamanga
Class 10	zizamile, zizamē	ezizamile, ezizamē	zizamile, zizamē	azizamanga	ezingazamanga	zingazamanga
Class 11	luzamile, luzamē	oluzamile, oluzamē	luzamile, luzamē	aluzamanga	olungazamanga	lungazamanga
Class 14	buzamile, buzamē	obuzamile, obuzamē	buzamile, buzamē	abuzamanga	obungazamanga	bungazamanga
Class 15	kuzamile, kuzamē	okuzamile, okuzamē	kuzamile, kuzamē	akuzamanga	okungazamanga	kungazamanga
Class 17	kuzamile, kuzamē	okuzamile, okuzamē	kuzamile, kuzamē	akuzamanga	okungazamanga	kungazamanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāzama	engāzama	ngāzama	angizamanga	engingazamanga	ngingazamanga
2nd singular	wāzama	owāzama	wāzama	awuzamanga	ongazamanga	ungazamanga
1st plural	sāzama	esāzama	sāzama	asizamanga	esingazamanga	singazamanga
2nd plural	nāzama	enāzama	nāzama	anizamanga	eningazamanga	ningazamanga
Class 1	wāzama	owāzama	āzama	akazamanga	ongazamanga	engazamanga
Class 2	bāzama	abāzama	bāzama	abazamanga	abangazamanga	bengazamanga
Class 3	wāzama	owāzama	wāzama	awuzamanga	ongazamanga	ungazamanga
Class 4	yāzama	eyāzama	yāzama	ayizamanga	engazamanga	ingazamanga
Class 5	lāzama	elāzama	lāzama	alizamanga	elingazamanga	lingazamanga
Class 6	āzama	āzama	āzama	awazamanga	angazamanga	engazamanga
Class 7	sāzama	esāzama	sāzama	asizamanga	esingazamanga	singazamanga
Class 8	zāzama	ezāzama	zāzama	azizamanga	ezingazamanga	zingazamanga
Class 9	yāzama	eyāzama	yāzama	ayizamanga	engazamanga	ingazamanga
Class 10	zāzama	ezāzama	zāzama	azizamanga	ezingazamanga	zingazamanga
Class 11	lwāzama	olwāzama	lwāzama	aluzamanga	olungazamanga	lungazamanga
Class 14	bāzama	obāzama	bāzama	abuzamanga	obungazamanga	bungazamanga
Class 15	kwāzama	okwāzama	kwāzama	akuzamanga	okungazamanga	kungazamanga
Class 17	kwāzama	okwāzama	kwāzama	akuzamanga	okungazamanga	kungazamanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingazama	—	ngingazama	ngingezame	—	ngingezame
2nd singular	ungazama	—	ungazama	ungezame	—	ungezame
1st plural	singazama	—	singazama	singezame	—	singezame
2nd plural	ningazama	—	ningazama	ningezame	—	ningezame
Class 1	angazama	—	engazama	angezame	—	engezame
Class 2	bangazama	—	bengazama	bangezame	—	bengezame
Class 3	ungazama	—	ungazama	ungezame	—	ungezame
Class 4	ingazama	—	ingazama	ingezame	—	ingezame
Class 5	lingazama	—	lingazama	lingezame	—	lingezame
Class 6	angazama	—	engazama	angezame	—	engezame
Class 7	singazama	—	singazama	singezame	—	singezame
Class 8	zingazama	—	zingazama	zingezame	—	zingezame
Class 9	ingazama	—	ingazama	ingezame	—	ingezame
Class 10	zingazama	—	zingazama	zingezame	—	zingezame
Class 11	lungazama	—	lungazama	lungezame	—	lungezame
Class 14	bungazama	—	bungazama	bungezame	—	bungezame
Class 15	kungazama	—	kungazama	kungezame	—	kungezame
Class 17	kungazama	—	kungazama	kungezame	—	kungezame
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizozama	engizozama	ngizozama	angizuzama	engingezuzama	ngingezuzama
2nd singular	uzozama	ozozama	uzozama	awuzuzama	ongezuzama	ungezuzama
1st plural	sizozama	esizozama	sizozama	asizuzama	esingezuzama	singezuzama
2nd plural	nizozama	enizozama	nizozama	anizuzama	eningezuzama	ningezuzama
Class 1	uzozama	ozozama	ezozama	akazuzama	ongezuzama	engezuzama
Class 2	bazozama	abazozama	bezozama	abazuzama	abangezuzama	bengezuzama
Class 3	uzozama	ozozama	uzozama	awuzuzama	ongezuzama	ungezuzama
Class 4	izozama	ezozama	izozama	ayizuzama	engezuzama	ingezuzama
Class 5	lizozama	elizozama	lizozama	alizuzama	elingezuzama	lingezuzama
Class 6	azozama	azozama	ezozama	awazuzama	angezuzama	engezuzama
Class 7	sizozama	esizozama	sizozama	asizuzama	esingezuzama	singezuzama
Class 8	zizozama	ezizozama	zizozama	azizuzama	ezingezuzama	zingezuzama
Class 9	izozama	ezozama	izozama	ayizuzama	engezuzama	ingezuzama
Class 10	zizozama	ezizozama	zizozama	azizuzama	ezingezuzama	zingezuzama
Class 11	luzozama	oluzozama	luzozama	aluzuzama	olungezuzama	lungezuzama
Class 14	buzozama	obuzozama	buzozama	abuzuzama	obungezuzama	bungezuzama
Class 15	kuzozama	okuzozama	kuzozama	akuzuzama	okungezuzama	kungezuzama
Class 17	kuzozama	okuzozama	kuzozama	akuzuzama	okungezuzama	kungezuzama
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyozama	engiyozama	ngiyozama	angiyuzama	engingeyuzama	ngingeyuzama
2nd singular	uyozama	oyozama	uyozama	awuyuzama	ongeyuzama	ungeyuzama
1st plural	siyozama	esiyozama	siyozama	asiyuzama	esingeyuzama	singeyuzama
2nd plural	niyozama	eniyozama	niyozama	aniyuzama	eningeyuzama	ningeyuzama
Class 1	uyozama	oyozama	eyozama	akayuzama	ongeyuzama	engeyuzama
Class 2	bayozama	abayozama	beyozama	abayuzama	abangeyuzama	bengeyuzama
Class 3	uyozama	oyozama	uyozama	awuyuzama	ongeyuzama	ungeyuzama
Class 4	iyozama	eyozama	iyozama	ayiyuzama	engeyuzama	ingeyuzama
Class 5	liyozama	eliyozama	liyozama	aliyuzama	elingeyuzama	lingeyuzama
Class 6	ayozama	ayozama	eyozama	awayuzama	angeyuzama	engeyuzama
Class 7	siyozama	esiyozama	siyozama	asiyuzama	esingeyuzama	singeyuzama
Class 8	ziyozama	eziyozama	ziyozama	aziyuzama	ezingeyuzama	zingeyuzama
Class 9	iyozama	eyozama	iyozama	ayiyuzama	engeyuzama	ingeyuzama
Class 10	ziyozama	eziyozama	ziyozama	aziyuzama	ezingeyuzama	zingeyuzama
Class 11	luyozama	oluyozama	luyozama	aluyuzama	olungeyuzama	lungeyuzama
Class 14	buyozama	obuyozama	buyozama	abuyuzama	obungeyuzama	bungeyuzama
Class 15	kuyozama	okuyozama	kuyozama	akuyuzama	okungeyuzama	kungeyuzama
Class 17	kuyozama	okuyozama	kuyozama	akuyuzama	okungeyuzama	kungeyuzama
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngizame	ngingazami
2nd singular	uzame	ungazami
1st plural	sizame	singazami
2nd plural	nizame	ningazami
Class 1	azame	angazami
Class 2	bazame	bangazami
Class 3	uzame	ungazami
Class 4	izame	ingazami
Class 5	lizame	lingazami
Class 6	azame	angazami
Class 7	sizame	singazami
Class 8	zizame	zingazami
Class 9	izame	ingazami
Class 10	zizame	zingazami
Class 11	luzame	lungazami
Class 14	buzame	bungazami
Class 15	kuzame	kungazami
Class 17	kuzame	kungazami
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngazama	ngangazama, angazama, angangazama
2nd singular	wazama	wangazama, awazama, awangazama
1st plural	sazama	sangazama, asazama, asangazama
2nd plural	nazama	nangazama, anazama, anangazama
Class 1	wazama	wangazama, akazama, akangazama
Class 2	bazama	bangazama, abazama, abangazama
Class 3	wazama	wangazama, awazama, awangazama
Class 4	yazama	yangazama, ayazama, ayangazama
Class 5	lazama	langazama, alazama, alangazama
Class 6	azama	angazama, awazama, awangazama
Class 7	sazama	sangazama, asazama, asangazama
Class 8	zazama	zangazama, azazama, azangazama
Class 9	yazama	yangazama, ayazama, ayangazama
Class 10	zazama	zangazama, azazama, azangazama
Class 11	lwazama	lwangazama, alwazama, alwangazama
Class 14	bazama	bangazama, abazama, abangazama
Class 15	kwazama	kwangazama, akwazama, akwangazama
Class 17	kwazama	kwangazama, akwazama, akwangazama

Related terms

• -za

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “zama”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “zama (6.3)”