tryggja

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtrɪdʒa]

Verb

tryggja (third person singular past indicative tryggjaði, third person plural past indicative tryggjað, supine tryggjað)

1. to secure
2. to insure

Conjugation

Conjugation of tryggja (group v-30)
infinitive	tryggja
supine	tryggjað
participle (a6)1	tryggjandi	tryggjaður
	present	past
first singular	tryggji	tryggjaði
second singular	tryggjar	tryggjaði
third singular	tryggjar	tryggjaði
plural	tryggja	tryggjaðu
	imperative
singular	tryggja!
plural	tryggjið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Related terms

• trygging (insurance)
• tryggur (save, secure)

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse tryggja, tryggva, from Proto-Germanic *triwwijaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtʰrɪcːa/

  Rhymes: -ɪcːa

Verb

tryggja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative tryggði, supine tryggt)

1. to secure
2. to ensure, make sure (that a certain outcome is reached)
3. to insure (provide for compensation for potential loss according to an agreement)

Conjugation

tryggja — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að tryggja
supine (sagnbót)		tryggt
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		tryggjandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég tryggi	við tryggjum	present (nútíð)	ég tryggi	við tryggjum
	þú tryggir	þið tryggið		þú tryggir	þið tryggið
	hann, hún, það tryggir	þeir, þær, þau tryggja		hann, hún, það tryggi	þeir, þær, þau tryggi
past (þátíð)	ég tryggði	við tryggðum	past (þátíð)	ég tryggði	við tryggðum
	þú tryggðir	þið tryggðuð		þú tryggðir	þið tryggðuð
	hann, hún, það tryggði	þeir, þær, þau tryggðu		hann, hún, það tryggði	þeir, þær, þau tryggðu
imperative (boðháttur)	trygg (þú)	tryggið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	tryggðu	tryggiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

tryggjast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að tryggjast
supine (sagnbót)		tryggst
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		tryggjandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég tryggist	við tryggjumst	present (nútíð)	ég tryggist	við tryggjumst
	þú tryggist	þið tryggist		þú tryggist	þið tryggist
	hann, hún, það tryggist	þeir, þær, þau tryggjast		hann, hún, það tryggist	þeir, þær, þau tryggist
past (þátíð)	ég tryggðist	við tryggðumst	past (þátíð)	ég tryggðist	við tryggðumst
	þú tryggðist	þið tryggðust		þú tryggðist	þið tryggðust
	hann, hún, það tryggðist	þeir, þær, þau tryggðust		hann, hún, það tryggðist	þeir, þær, þau tryggðust
imperative (boðháttur)	tryggst (þú)	tryggist (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	tryggstu	tryggisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

tryggður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	tryggður	tryggð	tryggt		tryggðir	tryggðar	tryggð
accusative (þolfall)	tryggðan	tryggða	tryggt		tryggða	tryggðar	tryggð
dative (þágufall)	tryggðum	tryggðri	tryggðu		tryggðum	tryggðum	tryggðum
genitive (eignarfall)	tryggðs	tryggðrar	tryggðs		tryggðra	tryggðra	tryggðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	tryggði	tryggða	tryggða		tryggðu	tryggðu	tryggðu
accusative (þolfall)	tryggða	tryggðu	tryggða		tryggðu	tryggðu	tryggðu
dative (þágufall)	tryggða	tryggðu	tryggða		tryggðu	tryggðu	tryggðu
genitive (eignarfall)	tryggða	tryggðu	tryggða		tryggðu	tryggðu	tryggðu

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• (verb):
  • tryggje (e-infinitive)
  • trygga, trygge (without j-infix, either infinitive)
• (noun): tryggja (non-standard since 2012)

Etymology

From the Old Norse verb tryggja and tryggva, from Proto-Germanic *triwwijaną.

Verb

tryggja (present tense tryggjer or tryggjar, past tense trygde or tryggja, supine trygt or trygd or tryggja, past participle trygd or tryggja, present participle tryggjande, imperative trygg or tryggja)

1. to secure, deliver from danger

Noun

tryggja f (definite singular tryggja, indefinite plural tryggjer or tryggjor, definite plural tryggjene or tryggjone)

1. (pre-2012) alternative form of tryggje
2. definite singular of tryggje

References

• “tryggja” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
• “tryggja” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring

Old Norse

Alternative forms

• tryggva

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *triwwijaną.

Verb

tryggja

1. to make firm and trusty

Conjugation

Conjugation of tryggja — active (weak class 1)

infinitive	tryggja
present participle	tryggjandi
past participle	trygðr
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	tryggi	trygða
2nd-person singular	tryggir	trygðir
3rd-person singular	tryggir	trygði
1st-person plural	tryggjum	trygðum
2nd-person plural	tryggið	trygðuð
3rd-person plural	tryggja	trygðu
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	tryggja	trygða
2nd-person singular	tryggir	trygðir
3rd-person singular	tryggi	trygði
1st-person plural	tryggim	trygðim
2nd-person plural	tryggið	trygðið
3rd-person plural	tryggi	trygði
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	trygg, tryggi
1st-person plural	tryggjum
2nd-person plural	tryggið

Conjugation of tryggja — mediopassive (weak class 1)

infinitive	tryggjask
present participle	tryggjandisk
past participle	tryggzk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	tryggjumk	trygðumk
2nd-person singular	tryggisk	trygðisk
3rd-person singular	tryggisk	trygðisk
1st-person plural	tryggjumsk	trygðumsk
2nd-person plural	tryggizk	trygðuzk
3rd-person plural	tryggjask	trygðusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	tryggjumk	trygðumk
2nd-person singular	tryggisk	trygðisk
3rd-person singular	tryggisk	trygðisk
1st-person plural	tryggimsk	trygðimsk
2nd-person plural	tryggizk	trygðizk
3rd-person plural	tryggisk	trygðisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	tryggsk, tryggisk
1st-person plural	tryggjumsk
2nd-person plural	tryggizk

Descendants

• Icelandic: tryggja
• Faroese: tryggja
• Norwegian Nynorsk: tryggja
• Swedish: trygga
• Danish: trygge
  • Norwegian Bokmål: trygge

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “tryggja”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive