topiti

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *topiti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tǒpiti/
• Hyphenation: to‧pi‧ti

Verb

tòpiti impf (Cyrillic spelling то̀пити)

1. (transitive) to melt
2. (reflexive) to melt down

Conjugation

Conjugation of topiti

infinitive		topiti
present verbal adverb		tòpēći
past verbal adverb		—
verbal noun		tòpljēnje
		singular			plural
		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
present		topim	topiš	topi	topimo	topite	tope
future	future I	topit ću1 topiću	topit ćeš1 topićeš	topit će1 topiće	topit ćemo1 topićemo	topit ćete1 topićete	topit ćē1 topiće
	future II	bȕdēm topio2	bȕdēš topio2	bȕdē topio2	bȕdēmo topili2	bȕdēte topili2	bȕdū topili2
past	perfect	topio sam2	topio si2	topio je2	topili smo2	topili ste2	topili su2
	pluperfect3	bȉo sam topio2	bȉo si topio2	bȉo je topio2	bíli smo topili2	bíli ste topili2	bíli su topili2
	imperfect	topljah	topljaše	topljaše	topljasmo	topljaste	topljahu
conditional	conditional I	topio bih2	topio bi2	topio bi2	topili bismo2	topili biste2	topili bi2
	conditional II4	bȉo bih topio2	bȉo bi topio2	bȉo bi topio2	bíli bismo topili2	bíli biste topili2	bíli bi topili2
imperative		—	topi	—	topimo	topite	—
active past participle		topio m / topila f / topilo n			topili m / topile f / topila n
passive past participle		topljen m / topljena f / topljeno n			topljeni m / topljene f / topljena n

¹   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
²   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
³   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
⁴   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

• istòpiti
• natòpiti
• otòpiti
• potòpiti
• pretòpiti
• rastòpiti
• utòpiti

Descendants

• → Albanian: topit

Further reading

• “topiti”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *topiti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɔpìːti/, /tɔpíːti/

Verb

topīti impf

1. to melt

Conjugation

-iti -im (AP c)
infinitive	topīti
1st singular	topím
infinitive	topīti			topȋt, topȉt
supine	topȋt
verbal noun	topljénje
	participle			converb
present	topȅč			—
past	topljȅn			—
l-participle	masculine		feminine		neuter
singular	topȋł		topíla		topȋlo
dual	topȋla		topȋli		topȋli
plural	topȋli		topȋle		topȋla
	present			imperative
1st singular	topím			—
2nd singular	topíš			tópi
3rd singular	topí			—
1st dual	topíva			topȋva
2nd dual	topíta			topȋta
3rd dual	topíta			—
1st plural	topímo			topȋmo
2nd plural	topíte			topȋte
3rd plural	topíjo			—

Derived terms

• pretopīti
• raztopīti
• stopīti

Further reading

• “topiti”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025